泌尿系统肿瘤PDX模型的构建及应用进展

Progress in the construction and application of PDX model in the treatment of urological tumors

摘要:

人源性肿瘤异种移植（human-derived tumor xenografts，PDX）模型能够保留原始肿瘤异质性及肿瘤生长的微环境，与患者肿瘤组织的病理组织学和分子表型相似度高，可以很好地反映患者临床结果，能更准确地预测新型药物的临床疗效，为泌尿系肿瘤（包括肾癌、膀胱癌和前列腺癌等），特别是临床治疗后耐药复发及转移性肿瘤的研究提供可靠的临床前模型。PDX模型在新药研发、生物标志物筛选及个性化治疗等应用中具有重要意义，为实现泌尿肿瘤精准医疗和转化医学研究奠定基础。本文对泌尿系统肿瘤PDX模型的构建及应用进展予以综述。

Abstract:

The human-derived tumor xenografts (PDX) model can retain the original tumor heterogeneity and the microenvironment of tumor growth. It has a high degree of similarity with the patient's tumor tissue in histopathology and molecular phenotype, which can reflect the patient's clinical outcomes very well, more accurately predict the clinical efficacy of new drugs, and provide a reliable preclinical model for patients with urinary tract tumors including renal carcinoma, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer, especially for the study of drug-resistant relapse and metastatic tumors after clinical treatment. The PDX model is of great significance in the application of new drug development, biomarker screening, personalized treatment, and so on, which has laid the foundation for the research of urological tumor precision medicine and translational medicine. This article has reviewed the progress in the construction and application of PDX model in urological tumors.