超声测量胎儿肾长径与双顶径比值及其临床价值

Measuring the ratio of fetal renal longitudinal distance to biparietal diameter using ultrasonography and its clinical value

摘要:

目的：探讨胎儿肾长径（fetal renal longitudinal distance，FRLD）与双顶径（biparietal diameter，BPD）比例关系及其临床应用价值。方法：应用经腹超声测量孕18～41周单胎妊娠FRLD，计算FRLD与BPD的比例关系。结果：共收集 600 例胎儿正常肾的 FRLD/BPD值。左肾 FRLD/BPD值为0.44 ± 0.03，右肾FRLD/BPD值为0.44 ± 0.03（P >0.05）。同时检出同期胎儿肾异常共 142 例：其中多囊肾、多囊性肾发育不良和肾发育不全的 FRLD/BPD值分别与正常肾的ＦＲＬＤ/ＢＰＤ值比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。FRLD/BPD 95%参考值范围（0.38，0.50）。结论：FRLD/BPD值可作为判断中晚期妊娠胎肾发育较为可靠指标，能早期发现胎肾发育异常，进行临床干预和治疗。

Abstract:

Objective：To discuss the proportional relation between fetal renal longitudinal distance（FRLD） and biparietal diameter（BPD） and its clinical value. Methods：FRLDs of fetus aged between 18 to 41 weeks were measured using uhrasonography and the ratios of FRLD to BPD（FRLD/BPD） were calculated. Results：FRLD/BPD of 600 cases was collected in total. The left kidney FRLD/BPD was 0.44±0.03 and the right kidney FRLD/BPD was 0.44±0.03（P >0.05）. There were 142 cases identified as renal anomaly during the same time. There were statistically significant differences in FRLD/BPD between polycystic kidney，polycystic renal dys－plasia and renal agenesis and normal kidney（P<0.05），with 95% referential FRLD/BPD being（0.38，0.5０）. Conclusions：FRLD/BPD value can be used as reliable index to judge renal development during middle and late pregnancy and can be used to discover renal anomaly at early phase so as to conduct clinical intervention and treatment.