构建辅助命案现场重建的法医学专家系统

Construction of forensic medical expert system assisting reconstruction of murder scene

摘要:

目的：开发基于命案现场重建的法医学专家系统，对现场重建工作进行辅助。方法：系统以.NET为开发综合平台，采用知识辅助设计系统（knowledge aided design system，KADS）方法，把领域知识划分成领域层、推理层和任务层三个不同的层次，以SQL SERVER构建的数据库，PROTEGE构建本体知识库为基础，以CLIPS构建推理模型为核心，以LOADRUNNER对软件进行测试分析，精炼和优化数据库及推理机制。结果：专家系统通过综合现场勘查和尸体检验等信息采集，来模拟专家思维推理，对死亡原因、死亡时间、死亡方式和性质等进行判断，对作案人数和作案方式等给出参考意见。结论：专家系统可较为客观公正地应合实践工作的需求，也可以在法庭上为控辩双方展示案件真相和验证物证的可信度，以及用于对法医学专业的学生进行模拟训练。

Abstract:

Objective：To develop a forensic medical expert system assiting crime scene investigation. Methods：NET development platform was taken as the basis；methods of knowledge aided design system（KADS） was used，and the domain knowledge was classi－fied into three levels：domain，inference and task. The data base was constructed with SQL SERVER. The ontology knowledge base was constructed with PROT?魪G?魪. The core of inference model was constructed with CLIPS. LOADRUNNER was employed to analyze the system in order to refine and improve the database and inference mechanism. Results：The forensic expert system can produce in－structive opinion through gathering information from the scene and autopsy outcome. By simulating inference，the system can provide ideas related to cause of death，death time，manner and nature of death. Furthermore，the system can provide consultation on the num－ber of suspects and manner of a crime. Conclusion：The expert system can provide obejctive opinions for practical work. It also can manifest the truth and the crediblily of evidences. Moreover，it can provide simulation training program for forensic medicine students.