精神分裂症诊断标准更新与分类变化

Update of diagnostic criteria and classification changes of schizophrenia

摘要:

精神分裂症是一组病因未明的重性精神障碍，由于迄今为止尚无生物学标记可以进行诊断，故精神分裂症的诊断主要基于症状学。本文就世界卫生组织（World Health Organization，WHO）组织编写的《疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类》（International Statistical Classification of Disease and Health Problem，ICD）和美国的《精神障碍统计与诊断手册》（Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders，DSM）2个诊断系统对精神分裂症的诊断标准及分类变化进行阐述，以期增加临床工作者对各诊断系统内容的理解。

Abstract:

Schizophrenia is a group of severe mental disorders with unknown etiology. Since there are no biological markers to diagnose so far, the diagnosis of schizophrenia is mainly based on symptomatology. This article describes the diagnostic criteria and classification changes of schizophrenia in International Statistical Classification of Disease and Health Problem (ICD) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) diagnostic systems, in order to increase the understanding of the content of each diagnostic system by clinicians.