158例儿童卵巢囊肿临床分析研究

Clinical analysis of 158 children with ovarian cysts

摘要:

目的 通过对158例卵巢囊肿患儿的临床资料进行分析，从而提高临床医生对儿童卵巢囊肿的认识。方法 收集2019年9月至2022年9月成都市妇女儿童中心医院门诊收治的158例卵巢囊肿患儿的临床资料，按年龄分为3组（0~1岁、>1~8岁和>8~16岁）。并总结分析其临床特点。结果 大多数新生儿和婴儿卵巢囊肿是偶然发现的；在1~8岁的女孩中，较多有临床症状，包括乳房发育（81.3%）和阴道出血（25.0%）。8岁以上的女孩主要以月经不规律（45.6%）或腹痛（33.3%）最为常见。绝大多数患者被诊断为单纯性卵巢囊肿，但6名患者被发现患有卵巢肿瘤。卵巢扭转7例；大部分卵巢囊肿随访可以自发消退，部分患儿出现复发。2名患儿在随访时出现中枢性性早熟。本组患儿手术干预率为8.9%。结论 大多数女孩患有单纯性卵巢囊肿，无需干预预后良好；然而，部分患儿可能存在潜在病因或并发症，如卵巢肿瘤、McCune-Albright综合征、Van Wyk-Grumbach综合征、中枢性性早熟和扭转；因此，应对这些患者进行仔细评估，并采用多学科方法进行治疗。

Abstract:

Objective To improve clinicians’ knowledge of ovarian cysts in children by analyzing the clinical data of 158 children with ovarian cysts.Methods The clinical data of 158 children with ovarian cysts admitted to the outpatient department of Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital from September 2019 to September 2022 were collected and divided into three groups according to age（0-1 year，>1-8 years，and >8-16 years）. The clinical characteristics of these patients were analyzed.Results Most of the neonatal and infant ovarian cysts were identified incidentally. Most of the clinical symptoms，including breast development（81.3%） and vaginal bleeding（25.0%），were found in girls aged >1-8 years. Irregular menstruation（45.6%） and abdominal pain（33.3%） were the most common symptoms in girls aged above 8 years. Most of the patients were diagnosed with simple ovarian cysts，but six patients were found to have ovarian tumors. Ovarian torsion was found in 7 cases. Most of the ovarian cysts resolved spontaneously during the follow-up，but some recurred in the children. Central precocious puberty was observed in two children during the follow-up. The surgical intervention rate was 8.9%.Conclusion For most of the girls，no intervention is needed due to their diagnosis with simple cysts； however，some of them may have underlying disease causes or complications such as ovarian tumors，McCune-Albright syndrome，Van Wyk-Grumbach syndrome，central precocious puberty，and ovarian torsion. Hence，these patients should be evaluated carefully and treated with multidisciplinary approaches.