肠道微生物在神经退行性疾病中的研究进展

Progress of gut microbiota in neurodegenerative diseases

摘要:

肠道微生物可以影响中枢神经系统。肠道微生物能够调节神经系统、内分泌系统、免疫系统等，进而影响神经退行性疾病的发生发展。本文总结了肠道微生物研究的发展历史，重点综述了近年来阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、肌萎缩侧索硬化等神经退行性疾病在肠道微生物上的研究进展。肠道微生物稳态的破坏是影响神经退行性疾病发生发展的重要因素，而重构肠道微生物稳态，如抗生素与益生菌治疗，以及粪便移植等方式或可成为神经退行性疾病治疗研究的新方向。

Abstract:

Gut microbiota interacts with the central neural system. Gut microbiota can regulate neural system, endocrine system, and immune system, etc., thus leading to the progress of neurodegenerative diseases. This paper reviews the research history of the gut microbiota, and focuses on its current progress in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that the gut microbial homeostasis may be destroyed in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the maintenance of normal gut microbial homeostasis, such as by antibiotic and probiotic therapy and fecal transplantation, will provide new ways and ideas for the prevention and treatment of these kind of diseases.