鼻黏膜免疫佐剂提高疫苗免疫效应的作用机制及进展

Action mechanism of nasal mucosal immune adjuvant on improving the immune effect of vaccine and its progress

摘要:

大量研究表明，通过鼻黏膜免疫的疫苗可诱导机体生成免疫球蛋白A（immunoglobulin A，IgA），有望成为疫苗的有效作用途径之一。但单独使用疫苗鼻黏膜免疫后不会在鼻腔中诱导强IgA产生，需要添加免疫佐剂激活先天免疫应答，增强抗原特异性IgA产生和细胞应答。目前应用的鼻黏膜免疫佐剂种类繁多，但佐剂促进免疫应答的具体机制仍不清楚。本文讨论了鼻黏膜免疫佐剂在鼻相关淋巴组织（nasal-associated lymphoid tissue，NALT）中促进免疫应答的途径，为进一步对鼻黏膜免疫佐剂的相关研究提供参考。

Abstract:

A large number of studies have shown that vaccines immunized by nasal mucosa can induce the production of immunoglobulin A (IgA), which is expected to be one of the effective ways of vaccine. However, immunization with the vaccine nasal mucosa alone does not induce strong IgA production in the nasal cavity. It is necessary to add an adjuvant to activate the innate immune response and enhance antigen-specific IgA production and cellular response. At present, there are many kinds of nasal mucosal immune adjuvants, but its specific action mechanism of promoting immune responses remains unclear. This article discusses the pathway of nasal mucosal immune adjuvant in promoting immune response in nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT), and provides a reference for further research on nasal mucosal immune adjuvant.