儿童青少年肥胖伴原发性高血压营养干预的研究

Clinical study on nutritional therapy for hypertension among obese children and adolescents

摘要:

目的：研究肥胖儿童高血压的发病率及经合理饮食干预、运动等综合治疗后的转归，为儿童青少年高血压的防治提供营养治疗指导。方法：以72例6～18岁的肥胖伴高血压儿童青少年为研究对象。总热能根据年龄、性别、身高及肥胖程度制定，一般为4 180～7 524 kJ/d，高蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物三者占总热能的百分比分别为20%～25%、25%～30%和45%～50%。除营养干预外，每天运动不少于30 min并常规补充多种维生素及微量元素制剂。结果：经以合理营养干预为主的综合治疗后，体质指数（Body mass index，BMI）、收缩压、舒张压较治疗前明显下降（P<0.05），高血压的痊愈率为79.2%（57/72），好转率为16.7%（12/72），未愈率为4.1%（3/72）。结论：以合理营养干预为主的综合治疗对儿童青少年肥胖伴原发性高血压（Essential hyperten－sion，EH）的防治具有明显疗效。

Abstract:

Objective：To investigate the effect of nutrition intervention-oriented comprehensive treatment on obese children and ado－lescents with hypertension. Methods：Totally 72 obese children and adolescents with hypertension，aged 6~18 years，were enrolled. The total calories of diet were based on age，sex，height and degree of obesity，usually 4 180~7 524 kJ/d，which contained 20%~25% proteins，25%~30% fats，and 45%~50% carbohydrates. Besides nutrition intervention，the measurement included physical activities more than 30 min a day and supplements with vitamin compounds and trace elements daily. Results：After nutrition intervention-oriented comprehensive treatment，the values of BMI，SP，DP were statistically lower （P<0.05）. The response rate was 79.2%（57/72），the im－provement rate was 16.7%（12/72） and the ineffectiveness rate was 4.1%（3/72）. Conclusion：The nutrition intervention-oriented com－prehensive treatment can prevent and cure hypertension among obese children and adolescents