床头角度仪预防呼吸机相关性肺炎的临床研究

Clinical study of bedside angle instrument in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia

摘要:

目的：探讨床头角度仪的使用与机械通气（mechanical ventilation，MV）患者呼吸机相关性肺炎（ventilator associated pneumonia，VAP）发生率的相关性。方法：MV患者81例随机分为实验组（n=42）和对照组（n=39）。实验组采用床头角度仪抬高患者床头。对照组依据经验和感觉抬高患者床头。2组床头抬高角度在固定时间点进行定时测量。留取患者咽拭子等相关体液做细菌学培养。结果：实验组床头抬高准确率为100.00%，对照组床头抬高准确率为57.69%，2组比较差异有统计学意义。实验组相关体液细菌检出阳性率为26.19%，而对照组为64.10%，2组比较差异有统计学意义。实验组VAP发生率为21.42%，而对照组为48.71%，2组比较差异有统计学意义。结论：床头角度仪可保证床头抬高角度的准确性，有助于MV患者的体位护理，进而可有效地预防VAP。

Abstract:

Objective：To investigate the effect of bedside angle instrument on preventing ventilator associated pneumonia（VAP） of patients underwent mechanical ventilation（MV）． Methods：Totally 81 patients underwent MV were divided into experimental group（n=42） and control group（n=39）. The head of bed in control group was elevated according to nurse’s experiences while head of bed in experiment group was elevated by bedside angle instrument. Bed elevation angle and positive rate of same bacterial culture in gastric juice，throat swab specimens and bronchial secretion liquid between two groups were measured and analyzed. Results：Accuracy of bed head elevation in experimental group（100.00%） was higher than that of control group（57.69%），with statistical differences. Posi－tive rate of related body fluid bacteria was 26.19% in experiment group and 64.10% in control group，with statistical differences. Inci－dence of VAP was 21.42% in experiment group and 48.71% in control group. Conclusions：Bedside angle instrument can ensure the accuracy of bed head elevation，contribute to posture nursing and finally decrease the rate of VAP.