滋养细胞侵袭力分子调节机制的研究进展

Recent advances in molecular regulation of human trophoblast invasion

摘要:

妊娠期，绒毛外滋养细胞（extravillous trophoblasts，EVT）的侵袭力对于胎盘的形成十分重要。它除受到自身和周围局部环境分泌物质的精细调节外，还受到多种信号通路以及转录调节因子的调控。任何因素导致这些调节的失控，均会导致EVT生物学行为改变，进而导致妊娠相关性疾病，如子痫前期和胎儿生长受限。本文对近年来有关滋养细胞侵袭力分子调节机制的研究成果作一综述。对调节滋养细胞侵袭力分子机制的探索有利于了解滋养细胞在子痫前期以及其他伴有螺旋动脉重铸障碍的妊娠相关性疾病中所扮演的角色，为该类疾病发病机制和治疗方法的深入研究提供新的思路。

Abstract:

Invasion of extravillous trophoblasts（EVT） is fundamental to the development of placenta during early pregnancy. Being regulated precisely by the secretions of trophoblasts and other cells，trophoblast invasion is also mediated by signaling pathways and regulatory transcription factors. Any factor leading to these regulations uncontrolled will induce dysfunction of trophoblast in gestational diseases such as preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. This article reviewed the literatures in recent years about molecular regula－tion of human trophoblast invasion，which will improve our understanding about the role of the trophoblasts in gestational diseases such as preeclampsia and other pregnancy complications with incomplete spiral artery remodeling and provide new ideas for the stud－ies of pathogenesis and treatments of these disorders.