SD大鼠急性乙二醇中毒的法医病理学研究

Forensic pathology findings of SD rats with acute ethylene glycol poisoning

摘要:

目的：探讨急性乙二醇（ethylene glycol，EG）中毒的病理学变化，为急性EG中毒的法医病理学鉴定提供客观诊断依据。方法：将30只SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组和急性EG中毒组，急性EG中毒组用12 ml/kg的EG行灌胃处理。取各组动物的心脏、肝脏和肾脏等组织标本，行HE染色。并用透视电子显微镜（transmission electron microscopy，TEM）观察各组动物的肾脏和肝脏。结果：急性EG中毒组的各组织样本均有不同程度的损害，以肾脏损害最为严重，并可见淡蓝色草酸钙结晶。TEM下可见急性EG中毒组的肾小管上皮细胞和肝脏细胞的细胞质及管腔内有圆形、椭圆形高密度电子颗粒（草酸钙结晶）沉积。结论：各组织器官草酸钙结晶沉积和以肾脏损害为主的靶组织器官病理变化或可作为急性EG中毒的法医学鉴定的病理诊断依据。

Abstract:

Objective：To explore the pathological changes of acute ethylene glycol（EG） poisoning and to provide the objective diagno－sis index for its forensic identification. Methods：Totally 30 SD rats were randomly divided into control group and acute EG poisoning group. Animals in acute EG poisoning group were poisoned with EG（12 ml/kg） in a manner of gastric perfusion. Tissue samples of heart，liver，and kidneys in each group were obtained and HE staining was conducted. Besides，transmission electron microscopy（TEM） was also used to observe the tissue samples from kidney and liver of each group. Results：In acute EG poisoning group，all tissue sam－ples showed different degrees of pathological damage，especially in kidney，in which the light-blue calcium oxalate crystals were found.Under TEM，circular or oval-shaped high density electronic particles depositions（calcium oxalate crystals） were observed in re－nal tubular epithelial cells as well as in liver cells. Conclusions：Calcium oxalate crystals deposite in various organs and pathological damages mainly locate in kidney which may provide the objective diagnosis index for forensic identification of acute EG poisoning.