无症状肾癌与有症状肾癌的诊疗比较

Comparison between incidental renal carcinoma and non-incidental renal carcinoma：diagnosis and treatment

摘要:

目的：比较无症状肾癌与有症状肾癌的临床特征、诊断方法及治疗方式。方法：回顾性分析我院2006年至2012年246例住院肾癌患者的临床资料，分为无症状肾癌组（n=140）和有症状肾癌组（n=106），按年龄、性别、肿瘤侧别、肿瘤大小、病理类型、临床分期及手术方式、手术范围统计各组病例数。结果：无症状肾癌患者大多通过B超首先发现肾脏占位。无症状肾癌与有症状肾癌相比较，患者性别、肿瘤侧别和病理类型差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。２组的发病年龄、肿瘤大小、肿瘤分期、手术方式及手术范围差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：B超利于无症状肾癌的筛查。无症状肾癌组行保留肾单位手术者多于有症状组，有利于提高术后生活质量及长期生存率。

Abstract:

Objective：To compare the clinical characteristics，diagnosis and treatment between incidental renal carcinoma and non-in－cidental renal carcinoma. Methods：Clinical data of 246 hospitalized patients with renal carcinoma in our hospital from 2006 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The 246 patients were divided into incidental renal carcinoma group（n=140） and non-incidental renal carcinoma group（n=106） and were evaluated according to the gender，tumor location，tumor size，pathological types，clinical stagings，path and range of operation. Results：Renal lesions of non-incidental renal carcinoma patients are usually firstly diagnosed by B-ul－trasound. Differences between incidental renal carcinoma and non-incidental renal carcinoma in aspects of sex，position of tumor and pathological types were not significant. The age of incidental renal carcinoma patients was older，the size was smaller，the clinical stage was lower compared with those of non-incidental renal carcinoma patients，with statistically significances（P<0.05）. Conclusions：Ul－trasonography and CT are the main imaging examinations to detect incidental renal carcinoma.More chances of nephron sparing surgery have been provided to incidental renal carcinoma patients，which helps to improve the post-operative quality of life and long-term survival.