Objective:To investigate expression of transcription factor activator protein-1(AP-1) in lumbar sympathetic ganglion neurons of patients with Buerger’s disease. Methods:Specimens of lumbar sympathetic ganglion of male patients with Buerger’s disease between January 2011 and March 2012 were collected and divided into two groups:Buerger’s disease group(n=23) and normal control group(n=12). Immunohistochemistry,reverse transcription quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect and compare expression of AP-1 in lumbar sympathetic neurons of patients with and without Buerger’s disease. Results:AP-1 gene(P=0.045 9) and protein(P=0.028 3) expression in lumbar sympathetic ganglion neurons of patients with thromboangiitis obliterans were higher than those of normal people. Conclusions:AP-1 plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and vascular inflammation response in Buerger’s disease.