2 160例儿童肾穿刺活检术后并发症的治疗及护理

Treatment and nursing care for complications after percutaneous renal biopsy in 2 160 children

摘要:

目的：探讨儿童肾穿刺活检（percutaneous renal biopsy，PRB）术后发生相关并发症及治疗方法，总结护理经验和体会，为儿科临床工作提供借鉴。方法：对1999年1月至2012年12月在我院超声科接受PRB的2 160例患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析，主要包括相关并发症以及并发症的治疗和护理方法等。结果：本组2 160例患儿出现肉眼血尿1 728例（80%），肾周血肿367 例（17%），腰痛216例（10%），尿潴留43例（2%），肾动脉假性动脉瘤2例（0.1%），未发生其他脏器损伤或死亡。结论：PRB的开展和推广，有利于提高儿童肾脏疾病的诊治水平，有利于促进儿科肾脏病学的发展。科学的治疗和护理措施，可以有效降低血尿、血肿等并发症的发生率，改善不良预后。

Abstract:

Objective：To explore the treatment for complications after percutaneous renal biopsy in children and to summarize nursing experiences in order to provide references for pediatric clinical work. Methods：Clinical data of 2 160 children receiving renal biopsy in our hospital from January 1999 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed including related complications and treatment and nursing care methods. Results：There were 1 728 cases（80%） of gross hematuria，367 cases（17%） of perirenal hematoma，216 cases （10%） of back pain，43 cases（2%） of urinary retention，2 cases（0.1%） of renal artery pseudoaneurysm and there was no other organ damage or death. Conclusion：The development and promotion of renal biopsy helps to improve the diagnosis and treatment of child renal disease and promote the development of pediatric nephrology. Scientific treatment and nursing intervention can effectively reduce the incidences of hematuria，hematoma and other complications and improve the poor prognosis.