大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血致脑血管痉挛模型的建立

Establishment of subaraehnoid hemorrhage induced cerebral vasospasm model of rats

摘要:

目的：应用改良的枕大池二次注血法建立大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血（subarachnoid hemorrhage，SAH）后脑血管痉挛（cerebral vasospasm，CVS）模型。方法：成年雄性SD大鼠117只随机分为假手术组（n=52）和SAH（n=65）模型组，2组又随机分为1、3、5、10 d和14 d组。SAH组经改良的枕大池二次注血法建立SAH模型。假手术组用等量灭菌生理盐水代替非抗凝自体血注入枕大池。观察各组动物自发活动、脑含水量、脑组织学及基底动脉组织学改变。结果：与假手术组相比，SAH各组大鼠自发活动评分在手术后第3天明显降低（P=0.001），脑含水量在SAH后1 d明显增加（P=0.000）。光镜下，SAH 1、3、5 d组基底动脉管径（P=0.001）、管腔面积明显减小（P=0.002），管壁厚度明显增大（P=0.000），差异均有统计学意义。结论：应用改良的枕大池二次注血法可以成功建立大鼠SAH后CVS模型。

Abstract:

Objective：To establish a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage（SAH） induced cerebral vasospasm by injecting autologous non-heparinised arterial blood into the cisterna magna twice． Methods：Totally 117 male SD rats were randomly assigned to sham group（n=52） and SAH group（n=65）. Rats in the two groups were randomly assigned to 1，3，5，10，14 d group after the second sepa－ration. The SAH model was produced by injecting autologous non-heparinised arterial blood into the cisterna magna twice. Sham operated rats were injected equal volume of physiological saline solution instead of blood according to the same procedure. Motality，neurological function，brain water content and brain histological were investigated on 1，3，5，10，14 d following onset of SAH. Wall thickness and mean cross-sectional area of basilar artery（BA） were measured at different time points. Results：Compared with those in sham group，neurological scores were reduced in SAH-3d group（P=0.001）. The brain water content was increased in SAH-1d group（P=0.000）. The average diameter（P=0.001） and cross-sectional area of the BA（P=0.002） were decreased while the wall thickness was increased（P=0.000） in SAH-1 d group，SAH-3 d group and SAH-5 d group with statistical differences. Conclusion：SAH in－duced cerebral vasospasm model can be successfully established by injecting autologous non-heparinised arterial blood into the cis－terna magna twice，which model is applicable to study neurological damage and drug intervention following SAH.