重庆市7~16岁儿童青少年代谢综合征组分的调查及影响因素的分析

Survey on components and analysis of influencing factors of metabolic syndrome in 7~16 years old children and adolescents of Chongqing

摘要:

目的: 探讨重庆市儿童青少年代谢综合征的组分及其影响因素。方法：按照分层整群抽样方法抽取重庆市城乡5所中小学（其中2所城市学校，3所农村学校）7-16岁在校生共4481名进行代谢指标及影响因素问卷调查。按照体质指数法分为正常组、超重组、肥胖组。对各代谢指标进行分析，对代谢综合征影响因素进行Logistic回归分析，并比较代谢综合征影响因素的性别差异。结果: (1)重庆地区儿童青少年总超重率9.8%，其中男生12.0%，女生7.4%。总肥胖率5.4%，其中男生7.3%，女生3.4%。男生超重率、肥胖率均高于女生（P<0.05）。(2)随着体质指数的增加,收缩压、舒张压、甘油三酯、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、腰围有升高的趋势，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈降低趋势（P＜0.05）。(3)肥胖组代谢综合征的患病率（6.9%）明显高于超重组（0.5%）和正常组（0.0%）（P＜0.05），且男生患病率高于女生（P＜0.05）。肥胖儿童代谢综合征出现单项异常的检出率依次为高腰围（37.9%）、高甘油三酯（22.7%）、低高密度脂蛋白（19.7%）、高非高密度脂蛋白（7.4%）、高血压（4.4%）、高空腹血浆葡萄糖（2.0%）。(4)代谢综合征影响因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，有3个因素与代谢综合征相关：腰围、每次肉类摄入量、高血脂家族史均与代谢综合征的发病率呈正相关。男生高腰围、每次肉类摄入量≥3两检出率高于女生（P＜0.05）。结论：代谢综合征组分异常已在重庆地区超重肥胖儿童青少年中发生。高腰围、高甘油三酯、低高密度脂蛋白是重庆肥胖儿童最常见的代谢异常，应引起社会重视。

Abstract:

Objective:To study the components of the metabolic syndrome and its influencing factors in children and adolescents of Chongqing.Methods:According to the method of stratified cluster sampling,4481 school-age children aged 7 to 16 years old were enrolled from 5 middle schools and primary schools(2 urban schools and 3 rural schools)of Chongqing to measure metabolic index and fill influencing factors questionnaires.Children were divided into normal group,overweight group and obese group according to body mass index(BMI).To analyse the metabolic indices,influencing factors of metabolic syndrome were analyzed by logistic regression analysis,which differences of them between boys and girls were compared.Results:(1)Overall overweight incidences among children and adolescents in Chongqing were 9.8%,the boys were 12.0%,girls were 7.4%.Overall obesity incidences were 5.4%,the boys were 7.3%,girls were 3.4%(P＜0.05). (2)With increased BMI，The levels of systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP), triglycerides(TG), cholesterol(TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), waist circumference(WC) were also increasing,the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) was reducing(P＜0.05).(3)The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 0.45%.In obese group children had significantly higher MS prevalence（6.9%）compared with their counterparts in overweight group（0.5%）and normal weight group（0.0%）（P＜0.05）,the prevalence of MS in boys was higher than in girls(P＜0.05).the detective rates of individual MS component among obese children were:37.9% for high WC,22.7% for high TG,19.7% for low HDL-C,7.4% for high non-HDL-C, 4.4% for elevated blood pressure(BP),2.0% for fasting plasma glucose(FPG). (4)Influence factors of MS logistic regression analysis demonstrated that WC,meat intake,family history of hyperlipidemia were risk factors.In boys had higher WC,ate more meat than in girls(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The components of MS abnormal has happened in the overweight and obese children and adolescents of Chongqing area.High WC,high TG,low HDL-C appeared as the leading three abnormal indices among the obese children in Chongqing.We should pay more attention to about that.