汽车尾气来源PM2.5长期暴露导致大鼠多器官损害

Long exposure to automobile exhaust source PM2.5 leads to inflammatory injury of multiple organs in SD rats

摘要:

目的：建立Sprague Dawley（SD）大鼠空气细颗粒物（particulate matter 2.5，PM2.5）长期暴露模型，观察PM2.5长期暴露对SD大鼠全身主要脏器的影响。方法：40只SD大鼠（80~94 g，28日龄）随机分配成3组：生理盐水对照组10只，低剂量组[2 μg/100 （g·d）]15只，高剂量组[16 μg/100（g·d）]15只。每天分别给予0.9％的生理盐水或PM2.5颗粒，连续暴露60 d，最后一次暴露24 h后取标本，对肺、心、肝、脾和肾5个主要脏器进行大体观察以及病理学检测。结果：与正常组相比，PM2.5暴露组的体重明显降低（P<0.05），且肺部外观改变明显，肺脏及心脏组织结构受损，炎症反应明显，肝脏、脾脏及肾脏亦有炎症表现。结论：长期暴露在汽车尾气来源PM2.5污染环境中引起大鼠肺、心、肝、脾、肾炎性损害，肺脏及心脏损害明显。

Abstract:

Objective：To observe the effects of chronic particulate matter 2.5（PM2.5） exposure on major organs in Sprague Dawley（SD） rats through establishing long term PM2.5 exposure model of SD rats. Methods：Forty male SD rats（80-94 g，28 days old） were ran－domly assigned to three groups：ten in saline control group，fifteen in low dose group[2 μg/100（g·d）] and fifteen in high dose group[16 μg/100（g·d）]，and instilled with 0.9% saline or PM2.5 respectively every day for sustaining 60 days. At 24 h after the last exposure，the rats were sacrificed and the lungs，heart，liver，spleen and kidney were removed for gross observation and pathological examination. Results：Compared with those of normal group，the weight of PM2.5 exposure group was obviously reduced，especially the appearance of the lungs was significantly changed，the organization structure of lung and heart was damaged with obvious inflammatory reaction. The liver，spleen and kidney also had inflammation. Conclusion：Long exposure of automobile exhaust source PM2.5 can cause inflam－mation lesions in rats’ lung，heart，liver，spleen，kidney，and the damage of lung and heart is much more serious.