上中切牙点至前鼻棘点的矢状距离对侧貌影响的美学评价

Aesthetic evaluation of the sagittal distance between the upper incisor and the anterior nasal spine on profile

摘要:

目的：评估上中切牙点（the upper incisor，UI）与前鼻棘点（the anterior nasal spine，ANS）的矢状距离对成人侧貌审美的影响，为临床定位上前牙提供依据。方法：验证ANS在治疗过程中的稳定性，比较53名患者在治疗前后的前鼻棘点-翼上颌裂点（pterygomaxillary fissure，Ptm）长度以及其与真性水平面（the true horizontal，HOR）角度。正畸医生选出最美观男女，作为基础模型，在HOR上移动UI，改变UI-ANS矢状距离，Dolphin软件VTO（visual treatment objective，治疗目标预测法）功能模拟出变化后的侧貌，由专业组与非专业组审美排序。结果：ANS-Ptm长度治疗前为（50.67±0.96） mm，治疗后为（50.61±0.45） mm；ANS-Ptm与HOR角度治疗前为4.37°±0.53°，治疗后为4.75°±0.53°。ANS-Ptm长度以及以HOR角度在正畸治疗前后无统计学差异（P>0.05）。男性侧貌中，专业组对UI-ANS矢状距离变化（0 mm）评价最高，非专业组对-1 mm评价最高（P<0.05）；专业组与非专业组均对变化为0 mm的女性侧貌评价最高（P<0.05）。结论：在正畸治疗前后，ANS存在矢状向上的稳定性。UI、ANS在矢状向上越接近，相对应的侧貌更易接受。

Abstract:

Objective：To evaluate the relationship between the esthetic profile and the sagittal distance between the upper incisor（UI） and the anterior nasal spine（ANS） to provide the basis for repositioning UI. Methods：The position of the ANS in 53 patients，besides the distance from the ANS to the pterygomaxillary fissure（Ptm） and the angle of the ANS-Ptm line between the true horizontal （HOR） were evaluated before and after orthodontic treatment. Experienced orthodontists evaluated photographs of males and females who had completed orthodontic treatment，and selected the most attractive photographs. With the help of visual treatment objective（VTO） in Dolphin，move UI on the HOR and these photographs were edited to simulate the profiles at different sagittal UI-ANS distances on the HOR，as perceived by orthodontists and laypersons. Results：The distance of ANS-Ptm in pretreatment was （50.67±0.96） mm，and in posttreatment was （50.61±0.45） mm. The angle of the ANS-Ptm line between HOR in pretreatment was 4.37°±0.53°，and in postpretreatment was 4.75°±0.53°. No significant differences were found for the ANS-Ptm distances and the angle between the ANS-Ptm and HOR during orthodontic treatment（P>0.05）. For male profile，orthodontists gave the highest evaluation to the change of sagit－tal UI-ANS distance at （0 mm），and laypersons gave the highest evaluation to （-1 mm）（P<0.05）. For female profile，orthodontists and laypersons gave the highest evaluation to the change of sagittal UI-ANS distance at （0 mm）（P<0.05）. Conclusion：No change in the position of ANS occurs during the orthodontic treatment. The attractiveness of profiles is closely related to the sagittal UI-ANS distance for males and females.