血管内皮生长因子受体-2在湿性年龄相关性 黄斑变性中的研究进展

Research progress in the role of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 in wet age-related macular degeneration

摘要:

湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性（wet age-related macular degeneration，wAMD）是60岁以上老年人致盲性眼病最主要的病因之一。眼内血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF）与血管内皮生长因子受体（vascular endothelial growth factor receptor，VEGFR）结合，与脉络膜新生血管的形成和wAMD病理过程密切相关。当前wAMD的一线治疗方式为抗VEGF治疗，但该方法存在药物浓度维持时间短，需频繁眼内注药，部分患者接受反复抗VEGF治疗后视力无法提高或提高后不能稳定维持。随着基础与临床对wAMD发病机制研究的深入，发现血管内皮生长因子受体-2（vascular endothelial growth factor re－ceptor 2，VEGFR-2）与该疾病的发生发展密切相关。本文就近年来有关VEGFR-2的分子结构、病理生理学功能、在wAMD发生发展中的作用以及相关的临床前研究、临床研究进展作一简要综述。

Abstract:

Wet age-related macular degeneration（wAMD） is one of the leading causes of blindness in elderly people aged >60 years. Vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor（VEGFR） in eyes，which plays a criti－cal role in the pathological process of choroidal neovascularization（CNV） and wAMD. At present，anti-VEGF treatment is the first-line treatment of wAMD，but this method cannot maintain drug concentration for a long time and requires frequent intraocular drug injection. Some patients do not have an improvement in visual acuity after repeated anti-VEGF treatment or visual acuity cannot be maintained at a stable level after improvement. With in-depth basic and clinical research on the pathogenesis of wAMD，it has been found that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2（VEGFR-2） is closely associated with the development and progression of this disease. This article briefly reviews the molecular structure and pathophysiological function of VEGFR-2 and its role in the develop－ment and progression of AMD，as well as related research advances in preclinical and clinical studies.