LncRNA在甲状腺癌中的异常表达和功能研究进展

Progress in the Abnormal expression and function of LncRNA in thyroid cancer

摘要:

甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤，近几十年来发病率迅速增加，并已成为一个主要的健康问题。近年来，对甲状腺癌发生的分子机制的理解取得了重大进展，在诊断、预后和治疗方面都有巨大的进步，但仍有些病例具有发展为更具攻击性和致命性的甲状腺癌的风险。长链非编码RNA（long non-coding RNA，lncRNA）的发现极大地改变了我们对细胞生物学的理解，尤其是癌症的病理生理学。一些研究已经证明了它们在基因表达、细胞生物学行为和致癌作用中具有关键的调节作用。已经在包括甲状腺癌在内的各种类型的癌症中观察到lncRNA的表达水平失调，然而它们在甲状腺癌中的作用和分子机制仍然很不清楚。在这篇综述中，总结了最近的文献，以突出这类长期非编码lncRNA在甲状腺癌中的现状。

Abstract:

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy，and its incidence has increased rapidly in recent decades and has become a major health problem. In recent years，our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of thyroid cancer has made sig－nificant progress，with significant advances in diagnosis，prognosis and treatment，but there are still cases where the risk of developing more aggressive and fatal thyroid cancer. The discovery of long non-coding RNA（lncRNA） has dramatically changed our understand－ing of cell biology，especially the pathophysiology of cancer. Several studies have demonstrated that they have key regulatory roles in gene expression，cell biological behavior and carcinogenesis. Deregulated expression levels of lncRNA have been observed in various types of cancer including thyroid cancer，however，their role and molecular mechanism in thyroid cancer remains unclear. In this re－view，we summarize recent literature to highlight the current status of such lncRNAs in thyroid cancer.