1型糖尿病小鼠松质骨和皮质骨骨量下降的差异及机制研究
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Different degrees of reductions in bone mass of cancellous bone and cortical bone in mice with type 1 diabetes and related mechanism
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    摘要:

    目的:研究1型糖尿病(type 1 diabetes mellitus,T1DM)小鼠松质骨和皮质骨骨量下降差异并探讨其机制。方法:以30只8周龄C57BL/6J小鼠为对象,随机分为健康对照组(wild type,WT)和T1DM组。T1DM组通过注射链脲佐菌素(streptozo-tocin,STZ)建立1型糖尿病模型,WT组小鼠注射同等剂量生理盐水。行Micro-CT、X线扫描、HE染色与骨形态计量检测分析比较2组小鼠骨量、成骨活动的变化。通过免疫组化与实时定量聚合酶链反应(real-time PCR,RT-PCR)检测经典Wnt/β-catenin通路相关因子,包括低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白-6(low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6,LRP-6)、β-catenin、淋巴细胞增强因子(lymphoid enhancer factor,LEF-1)、T细胞因子(T cell factor,TCF)以及成骨细胞相关转录因子包括碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、骨钙素(osteocalcin,OCN)、成骨相关转录因子(osterix,Osx)、成骨细胞标志物核心结合因子(runt-related transcription factor 2,Runx2)的mRNA与蛋白表达水平。结果:观察2组小鼠形态学结果发现,T1DM组小鼠股骨远端骨量下降最为明显,而股骨中段骨量下降幅度较小。Micro-CT重建结果显示,T1DM小鼠松质骨指标骨体积占组织总体积百分比(BV/TV)、松质骨厚度(Tb.Th)、骨小梁数量(Tb.N)较WT小鼠相比下降幅度较大[(0.16±0.01) vs. (1.27±0.08),(0.04±0.01) vs. (0.09±0.01),(1.90±0.27) vs. (4.53±0.45);P<0.01]。而皮质骨对应指标,单位体积内骨组织面积比(BA/TA)与皮质骨厚度(CT.Th)其降低幅度明显减小[(0.35±0.05) vs. (0.40±0.02),(0.17±0.01) vs. (0.18±0.01);P<0.05]。骨组织形态计量结果显示T1DM小鼠较WT相比松质骨单位骨面积内成骨细胞表面积比值(Ob.S/BS)、单位骨面积内骨矿化面积比值(MS/BS)、骨矿化沉积率(MAR)、骨形成率(BFR)下降幅度较大[(12.15±0.46) vs. (21.69±0.37),(30.19±1.02) vs. (38.02±0.70),(0.74 ± 0.06) vs. (1.13±0.10),(0.25±0.02) vs. (0.48±0.04),P=0.000]。而皮质骨下降幅度较小分别为[(12.80±0.13) vs. (16.41±0.29),(36.16±1.22) vs. (42.21±0.54),(0.67±0.34) vs. (0.83±0.03),(0.27±0.02) vs. (0.36±0.04);P=0.000]。RT-PCR结果显示T1DM小鼠Wnt/β-catenin通路相关因子LRP6、β-catenin、Tcf、LEF-1与成骨分化指标ALP、OCN、OSX、Runx2的表达水平较WT组明显降低,其中松质骨下降幅度较大[(0.18±0.13) vs. (1.00±0.13),(0.23±0.20) vs. (1.00±0.15),(0.29±0.23) vs. (1.00±0.23),(0.22±0.17) vs. (1.00±0.12),(0.52±0.10) vs. (1.00±0.00),(0.52±0.11) vs. (1.00±0.10),(0.42±0.01) vs. (1.00±0.10),(0.34±0.12) vs. (1.00±0.08);P<0.01],皮质骨下降幅度较小为[(0.74±0.65) vs. (1.00±0.07),(0.63±0.45) vs. (1.00±0.09),(0.75±0.58) vs. (1.00±0.08),(0.70±063) vs. (1.00±0.05),(0.67±0.19) vs. (1.00±0.23),(0.73±0.08) vs. (1.00±0.23),(0.63±0.08) vs. (1.00±0.39),(0.62±0.08) vs. (1.00±0.11),P<0.05]。免疫组化结果与RT-PCR趋势一致。结论:T1DM小鼠松质骨骨量下降幅度较皮质骨更显著,其机制可能为Wnt/β-catenin信号通路表达水平在松质骨下降幅度更显著。

    Abstract:

    Objective:To investigate the different degrees of reductions in bone mass of cancellous bone and cortical bone in mice with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) and related mechanism. Methods:A total of 30 C57BL/6J mice aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into wild-type(WT) group and T1DM group. The mice in the T1DM group were given intraperitoneal injection of strep-tozotocin to establish a model of T1DM,and those in the WT group were given injection of the same dose of normal saline. Micro-CT,X-ray radiology,HE staining,and bone morphometry were used to observe the changes in bone mass and osteogenic activity. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were used to measure the mRNA and protein expression of the factors involved in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,including low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6(LRP-6),β-catenin,lymphoid enhancer factor(LEF-1),T cell factor(TCF),and osteoblast-related transcription factors,including alkaline phosphatase(ALP),osteocalcin(OCN),osterix(OSX),and runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2). Results:According to the results of morphological examination,the T1DM group had the greatest reduction in bone mass of the distal femur and a slight reduction in bone mass of the middle femur. Micro-CT analysis revealed that compared with the WT group,the T1DM group had significant reductions in the following indices of cancellous bone:bone volume per total volume(0.16±0.01 vs. 1.27±0.08,P<0.01),trabecular thickness(0.04±0.01 vs. 0.09±0.01,P<0.01),and trabecular number(1.90±0.27 vs. 4.53±0.45,P<0.01);as for the corresponding indices of cortical bone,compared with the WT group,the T1DM group had significant reductions in bone area per total area(0.35±0.05 vs. 0.40±0.02,P<0.05) and cortical thickness(0.17±0.01 vs. 0.18±0.01,P<0.05). Bone mor-phometry showed that compared with the WT group,the T1DM group had significant reductions in the following indices of cancellous bone:osteoblast surface per bone surface(12.15±0.46 vs. 21.69±0.37,P=0.000),mineralizing surface per bone surface(30.19±1.02 vs. 38.02±0.70,P=0.000),mineral apposition rate(0.74±0.06 vs. 1.13±0.10,P=0.000),and bone formation rate(0.25±0.02 vs. 0.48±0.04,P=0.000);as for the corresponding indices of cortical bone,the T1DM group also had significant reductions in these indices compared with the WT group(osteoblast surface per bone surface:12.80±0.13 vs. 16.41±0.29,P=0.000;mineralizing surface per bone surface:36.16±1.22 vs. 42.21±0.54,P=0.000;mineral apposition rate:0.67±0.34 vs. 0.83±0.03,P=0.000;bone formation rate:0.27±0.02 vs. 0.36±0.04,P=0.000). RT-PCR showed that compared with the WT group,the T1DM group had significantly lower expression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway factors LRP-6,β-catenin,TCF,and LEF-1 and osteogenic differentiation indices ALP,OCN,OSX,and Runx2 in cancellous bone(0.18±0.13 vs. 1.00±0.13,0.23±0.20 vs. 1.00±0.15,0.29±0.23 vs. 1.00±0.23,0.22±0.17 vs. 1.00±0.12,0.52±0.10 vs. 1.00±0.00,0.52±0.11 vs. 1.00±0.10,0.42±0.01 vs. 1.00±0.10,0.34±0.12 vs. 1.00±0.08,all P<0.01) and cortical bone(0.74±0.65 vs. 1.00±0.07,0.63±0.45 vs. 1.00±0.09,0.75±0.58 vs. 1.00±0.08,0.70±0.63 vs. 1.00±0.05,0.67±0.19 vs. 1.00±0.23,0.73±0.08 vs. 1.00±0.23,0.63±0.08 vs. 1.00±0.39,0.62±0.08 vs. 1.00±0.11,all P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed a similar trend as RT-PCR. Conclusion:In T1DM mice,the reduction in cancellous bone mass is greater than that in cortical bone mass,which might be caused by the greater downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cancellous bone than in cortical bone.

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贺思豪,陈思旭,刘道城,杨磊,杨家治,宗兆文.1型糖尿病小鼠松质骨和皮质骨骨量下降的差异及机制研究[J].重庆医科大学学报,2019,(3):296-

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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-04-30
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