2型糖尿病所致认知功能障碍的研究进展

Research advances in cognitive impairment induced by type 2 diabetes

摘要:

2型糖尿病和认知功能障碍是严重威胁人类生存质量的慢性疾病，是老年人群中严重的健康问题，世界大部分地区这2种疾病的发病率都在增加。2型糖尿病引起的认知功能障碍的发病机制尚不清楚。可能的因素和相关机制包括胰岛素抵抗、高胰岛素血症因素、胰岛素与β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）代谢之间的关系、高血糖因素导致的晚期糖基化终末产物（AGEs）生成增多、低血糖因素、脑血管病因素、脂代谢紊乱、炎症因子等有关。本文就2型糖尿病致认知功能障碍的多种因素及机制进行综述，以期为认知功能障碍包括阿尔茨海默病的防控及早期干预提供思路。

Abstract:

Both type 2 diabetes and cognitive impairment are chronic diseases that greatly threaten the quality of life of human beings, and they are also important health issues in the elderly population. The incidence rates of these two diseases keep increasing in most parts of the world. The pathogenesis of cognitive impairment caused by type 2 diabetes remains unclear, and possible factors and mechanisms include insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, association between insulin and β-amyloid metabolism, an increase in advanced glycation end products due to hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, cerebrovascular diseases, dyslipidemia, and inflammatory factors. This article reviews the various factors and mechanisms of cognitive impairment caused by type 2 diabetes, in order to provide ideas for prevention and early intervention of cognitive impairment including Alzheimer’s disease.