Imbalance of vascular homeostasis and vascular remodeling play a key role in tumor-line specific vascular abnormalities. Tumor vasculature normalization develops new anti-vascular therapies in conventional tumor therapy，and it can effectively improve chemotherapy resistance due to vascular abnormality and radiotherapy tolerance caused by local hypoxia and thus increases the effec－tiveness of multimodality therapy. Recent studies have shown that vascular leakage allows tumor cells to escape antitumor immunolog－ical surveillance. Moreover，hypoxic tumor microenvironment caused by low oxygen partial pressure can further improve immune toler－ance and eliminate tumor immunity，suggesting that recovery of oxygen content in tumor and repair of abnormal vessels，combined with chemotherapy，may bring new hope to antitumor therapies in future. Recent studies have found that some vascular microRNAs are involved in the regulation of tumor immunity and metastasis. This article reviews the recent advances in microRNAs in regulating abnormal angiogenesis and tumor immune response，as well as the role of key mocroRNA targets involved in tumor vasculature nor－malization in antitumor immune response.
