非小细胞肺癌脑膜转移生物靶向治疗的研究进展

Research advances in biologically targeted therapy for leptomeningeal metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer

摘要:

脑膜是晚期非小细胞肺癌中常见并发症。5%～10%的晚期非小细胞肺癌会发生脑膜转移（leptomeningeal metastasis，LM），由于缺乏有效治疗手段，患者生存期极短。尽管对于非小细胞脑膜转移患者可采用含铂双药联合治疗、全脑放疗、鞘内注射等多种治疗手段，但对改善患者生存期方面仍十分有限。近年来，生物靶向治疗成为研究热门领域之一，表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors，EGFR-TKIs）、间变淋巴瘤激酶（anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase，ALK）抑制剂和抗血管生成药物等被用于治疗非小细胞肺癌伴中枢神经系统转移的患者。研究表明这类生物靶向药物能有效延长患者的生存期。本文就生物靶向治疗在非小细胞肺癌伴脑膜转移的研究进展作一综述。

Abstract:

Leptomeningeal metastasis（LM） is a common complication of advanced non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）. About 5%-10% of patients with advanced NSCLC may experience LM，and a lack of effective treatment leads to an extremely short survival time of these patients. Although there are various treatment methods for NSCLC patients such as platinum-based dual-drug chemotherapy，whole-brain radiotherapy，and intrathecal injection，they often have limited effects in improving patients’ survival time. In recent years，biologically targeted therapy has become one of the hot research fields. Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase in－hibitors，anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor，and anti-angiogenic drugs have been used in the treatment of NSCLC patients with central nervous system metastasis. Previous studies have demonstrated that these biologically targeted drugs can effec－tively prolong the survival time of NSCLC patients. This article reviews the research advances in biologically targeted therapy for NSCLC patients with LM.