重庆江北区不同失眠症状成人的高血压患病风险研究

A study on the risk of hypertension in adults with different insomnia symptoms in Jiangbei District of Chongqing，China

摘要:

目的：探讨重庆江北区居民不同症状失眠成人中高血压的患病风险。方法：随机选择重庆江北区2 000名居民为研究对象，持续一周出现一种及以上失眠症状作为失眠人群，其余作为不失眠人群。根据研究对象的入睡时间、觉醒次数、早醒时间和总睡眠时间划分出4种特定失眠症状人群（入睡困难、睡眠维持障碍、早醒和总睡眠时间减少），并对其高血压患病风险进行logistic回归分析。结果：612人（30.6%）持续失眠1周以上，为失眠人群，其最主要症状是睡眠维持障碍（8.0%）。失眠人群的家庭收入、体质量超重比例和饮酒比例均明显高于不失眠人群（P<0.05）。不同失眠症状人群中，入睡困难人群的经典高血压（收缩压>140 mmHg，舒张压>90 mmHg）的患病率最高（6.4%）；睡眠维持障碍人群单纯性收缩期高血压患病率最高（7.0%）；早醒人群经典高血压患病率最高（6.6%）；总睡眠时间较少人群经典高血压患病率最高（6.9%）。睡眠维持障碍人群单纯性收缩期高血压患病风险明显高于不失眠人群（OR=1.603，95%CI=1.042~2.466，P<0.05），总睡眠时间减少人群经典高血压患病风险明显高于不失眠人群（OR=1.711，95%CI=1.086~2.696，P<0.05）。结论：失眠成人的高血压患病风险较高。睡眠维持障碍和总睡眠时间减少与高血压的患病风险密切相关。

Abstract:

Objective：To investigate the risk of hypertension in adults with different insomnia symptoms in Jiangbei District of Chongqing，China. Methods：A total of 2000 residents in Jiangbei District of Chongqing were randomly selected as subjects. The resi－dents with one or more insomnia symptoms for at least one week were selected as insomnia group，and the rest of the residents were included as non-insomnia group. According to insomnia symptoms（sleep latency，number of awakenings，early awakening time，and total sleep time），the insomnia group was divided into four subgroups（sleep latency subgroup，sleep maintenance disorder subgroup，early awakening subgroup，and short total sleep time subgroup）. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for hypertension. Results：A total of 612（30.6%） individuals who were suffering from insomnia for at least one week were included in the insomnia group. Sleep maintenance disorder（8.0%） was the main insomnia symptom. The insomnia group had significantly higher family income，overweight rate，and drinking rate than the non-insomnia group（P<0.05）. Among the four subgroups of the insomnia group，the sleep maintenance disorder subgroup had the highest prevalence rate of isolated systolic hypertension（7.0%）；the sleep latency subgroup had the highest prevalence rate of classical hypertension（systolic pressure>140 mmHg and diastolic pressure >90 mmHg）（6.4%）；the early morning awakening subgroup had the highest prevalence rate（6.6%）；the short total sleep time sub－group had the highest prevalence rate of classical hypertension（6.9%）. The sleep maintenance disorder subgroup had a significantly higher risk of isolated systolic hypertension than the non-insomnia group（OR=1.603，95%CI=1.042-2.466，P<0.05）. The short total sleep time subgroup had a significantly higher risk of classical hypertension than the non-insomnia group（OR=1.711，95%CI＝1.086-2.696，P<0.05）. Conclusion：Insomnia adults have a higher risk of hypertension than those without insomnia. The risk of hyperten－sion is closely associated with sleep maintenance disorder and short total sleep time.