2019-nCoV入胞机制及其抑制剂的研究进展

Research advances in invasion mechanism and inhibitors of 2019-nCoV

摘要:

新型冠状病毒（2019 novel coronavirus，2019-nCoV）与急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（severe acute respiratory syndromes coro－navirus，SARS-CoV）的核酸和编码的病毒蛋白高度同源，预示其生物学功能也可能非常相似。2019-nCoV利用其刺突蛋白（spike protein，S）的S1亚基与宿主细胞表面的血管紧张素转换酶2（angiotensin converting enzyme 2，ACE2）受体结合，同时利用宿主蛋白酶切割S蛋白促进发生膜融合，进而内吞入胞。阻断2019-nCoV入胞过程的抑制剂主要可分为中和抗体/受体抑制剂、蛋白酶抑制剂和内吞调节因子抑制剂。目前，对2019-nCoV的认识仍然非常有限。相信随着研究的不断推进，能够更加深刻地认识病毒的致病机制，开发出更高效的抗病毒药物。

Abstract:

The pathogen was identified as a new type of coronavirus and named as 2019-nCoV. The nucleic acids and encoded viral proteins of 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV are highly homologous，indicating that their biological functions may also be very similar. 2019-nCoV uses the S1 subunit of its spike protein binding to the ACE2 receptor on the surface of the host cell，and uses the host protease to cleave the S protein to promote membrane fusion and then endocytosis. Inhibitors that blocking 2019-nCoV invasion can be divided into neutralizing antibody/receptor inhibitors，protease inhibitors，and endocytosis regulator inhibitors. At present，the under－standing of 2019-nCoV is still very limited. It is believed that with the continuous advancement of research，we can better understand the pathogenic mechanism of the virus and develop more efficient antiviral drugs.