渝西地区陈旧性心肌梗死患者2019-nCoV知信行调查研究

Knowledge，attitudes and practices regarding 2019 novel coronavirus in patients with old myocardial infarction：a survey in Western Chongqing

摘要:

目的：了解新型冠状病毒肺炎（coronavirus disease 2019，COVID-19）疫情中易感人群（陈旧性心肌梗死患者）对新型冠状病毒（2019 novel coronavirus，2019-nCoV）相关知识的掌握情况、采取的预防措施和心理状态。方法：通过既往构建的心肌梗死随访体系，电话随访既往明确诊断为心肌梗死的患者，采用问卷调查对受访者进行询问。结果：共计随访610例患者，有高血压病史者占46.4%。知晓率方面，城镇受访者（58.4%）比农村受访者（41.6%）知晓率高，但无男女性别差异 （98.7% vs. 99.1%，P=0.647）。40.2%的农村受访者不知道此次病毒的传播途径，高于城镇受访者的31.7%（P=0.032）。农村受访者对防护措施的采取率方面也弱于城镇受访者，分别为佩戴口罩（75.2% vs. 89.9%，P<0.001），避免聚会、避免人员聚集（58.3% vs. 68.3%，P=0.011），勤洗手（55.9% vs. 64.3%，P=0.036）。在性别方面，女性未采取任何防护措施的比例高于男性（14.2% vs. 5.7%，P=0.001），女性佩戴口罩比例低于男性（76.1% vs. 86.6%，P=0.002）。农村及城市受访者心理情绪均稳定，94.9%的受访者均坚信在国家强有力的控制措施下能战胜此次疫情。农村女性受访者较城市女性受访者在病毒传播途径知识及防控措施上均落后（P<0.05）。结论：陈旧性心肌梗死这一易感人群对此次疫情知晓率高，并采取了一定保护措施。农村居民和女性受访者对传播途径知晓度及采取防护措施方面均相对落后，是下一步防控工作的重心，但受访者均对成功控制此次疫情充满信心。

Abstract:

Objective：To investigate the knowledge comprehension，the adopted measures and mental state regarding 2019 novel coronavirus（2019-nCoV） in patients with old myocardial infarction. Methods：Patients with previous diagnosis of myocardial infarction were follow-up by telephone questionnaire survey based on previously established follow-up system. Results：A total of 610 eligible mobile phone users participated in the survey，46.4% with hypertension. Urban residents was able to acquire more news about 2019-nCoV than rural residents（58.4% vs. 41.6%，P=0.647）；there was no statistical difference in gender（98.7% vs. 99.1%，P=0.647）. Of 40.2% rural residents were not aware of virus transmission routes，which was higher than urban residents of 31.7%（P=0.032）. The protection measure in rural residents was significant lower in urban residents：wearing masks（75.2% vs. 89.9%，P<0.001），avoiding gathering（58.3% vs. 68.3%，P=0.011） and hand hygiene（55.9% vs. 64.3%，P=0.036）. Females without self-protection mea－sures were more when compared with male（14.2% vs. 5.7%，P=0.001） and wearing masks rate in female was less than male（76.1% vs. 86.6%，P=0.002）. All interviewees were in stable state and 94.9% of them were full of confidence about controlling the epidemic. Females be aware of virus transmission route and protective measures in rural areas were weaker than those in urban areas（P<0.05）. Conclusion：The 2019-nCoV susceptible population of old myocardial infarction patients has a high awareness rate of the infection disease and has taken some self-protection measures，however，the knowledge and self-protection are relatively weak among rural res－idents and the female，which should be paid more attention im－prove this situation and residents are confident to conquer the virus.