非创伤性股骨头坏死患者microRNA差异表达的研究进展

Differential expression of microRNA in patients with nontraumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head

摘要:

非创伤性股骨头坏死（nontraumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head，NONFH）是由多种原因引起的骨组织血供中断，骨细胞坏死。因早期症状不典型、诊断困难，而患者晚期会面临因股骨头塌陷所引起的髋关节疼痛、活动受限，只能行髋关节置换术。故研究非创伤性股骨头坏死的发病机制对疾病早期诊断和治疗有重要意义。微小核糖核酸（microRNA，miRNA）是一种非编码的单链RNA分子，参与调控基因转录后的表达。随着miRNA研究技术的发展及对非创伤性股骨头坏死这一疾病研究的深入，越来越多的miRNA被发现在非创伤性股骨头坏死中异常表达。本文通过整理非创伤性股骨头坏死不同组织和细胞中的差异表达miRNA，发现了多次报道表达异常且趋势一致的miRNA，并对这些miRNA的功能和可能的发病机制进行综述。

Abstract:

Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head（NONFH） is characterized with disruption of blood supply to bone tissue and osteocyte necrosis，which is caused by a variety of risk factors. Due to its nontypical early symptoms and difficulties in diagnosis，pa－tients suffer hip joint pain and limited mobility in the late stage caused by femoral head collapse and the hip replacement will be the only choice in the final stage. Therefore，to seek for early diagnosis and treatment of NONFH has significance in early diagnosis and treatment. MicroRNA（miRNA） is a non-coding single-stranded RNA molecule that can involve in post-transcription regulation. With more advanced research techniques of miRNA and more studies on NONFH，more miRNAs are found that abnormally expressed in NONFH. This article summarized the differentially expressed miRNAs in different tissues and cells of NONFH，which has been re－ported by several studies and has consistency with those studies，and reviewed functions of these miRNAs and corresponding mecha－nisms for participating in pathogenesis.