电生理皮质兴奋性指标在精神障碍诊疗中的价值

The value of electrophysiological cortical excitability index in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders

摘要:

精神疾病病因机制复杂，且具有易复发、致残率高等特点，多存在脑皮质活动的兴奋性或抑制性失常。发展无创、在体、定量检测精神疾病患者大脑皮质活动的客观指标，对深入探索精神疾病的发病机制和辅助临床诊断准确性提高至关重要。基于经颅磁刺激这一新兴的无创神经调控技术，联合神经电生理检测技术的日益成熟，提供了多项大脑皮质兴奋性和抑制性客观指标。本文概述经颅磁技术评估精神疾病大脑皮质活动的技术进展，并分别阐述其在精神疾病皮质活动评估和治疗疗效预测中的研究进展。

Abstract:

Mental disorders, with complex mechanisms, are characterized by high recurrence and high disability rate, while cortical excitation-inhibition imbalance is often present. It is important to develop noninvasive, in-vivo and quantified measures of cortical activity for discovering the underlying mechanism of mental disorders and improving the clinical diagnostic accuracy. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), combined with neurophysiology, has been well established to evaluate cortical excitability and inhibition. We have reviewed new progresses in the measures of cortical activity by TMS, as well as their clinical utility in evaluating cortical function and therapeutic effects of mental disorders.