可逆的认知衰弱老年人神经心理学表现

Study on neuropsychological performance of the elderly with reversible cognitive frailty

摘要:

目的： 研究可逆的认知衰弱老年人神经心理学表现，并比较其与正常、单独主观认知下降、单独衰弱老年人的差异。 方法： 选取2015年1月至2018年6月在首都医科大学附属复兴医院门诊及其周边社区招募的老年人166例，年龄≥60岁且无明显认知受损。收集人口学及一般临床资料，并进行衰弱及认知功能评估，按是否衰弱及主诉记忆下降分为正常对照、单独主观认知下降、单独衰弱及可逆的认知衰弱4组，研究不同组间的神经心理学表现。 结果： 从正常到可逆的认知衰弱，4组的记忆、语言功能相关测验得分依次减低。在可逆的认知衰弱与正常对照组之间，听觉词语学习测验的即刻回忆（P=0.036）和短延迟回忆（P=0.020）、词语流畅性测验（P=0.032）及交替流畅性测验（P=0.011）差异有统计学意义。 结论： 从正常到主观认知下降、衰弱及可逆的认知衰弱，记忆和语言功能呈逐渐下降趋势，并在可逆的认知衰弱者与正常对照之间有统计学差异。

Abstract:

Objective: To study the neuropsychological performance of the elderly with reversible cognitive frailty (RCF), and to compare the differences among them and the normal, the single subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and the single frailty. Methods: The study selected 166 elderly people aged≥60 years old and without obvious cognitive impairments in the clinic of Fuxing Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University and its surrounding communities from January 2015 to June 2018.Demographic and general clinical data of the elderly were collected, and the frailty or cognitive function of them were assessed. They were divided into four groups: normal control, single SCD, single frailty and RCF. The neuropsychological performances between different groups were studied. Results: From normal to RCF, the scores of memory and language function-related tests of the four groups were reduced in turn. Between the RCF and the normal control group, the immediate recall (P=0.036) and short delay recall (P=0.020) of the auditory vocabulary learning test (P=0.032), and the animal-household products alternating fluency test (P=0.011) were statistically different. Conclusion: From normal to SCD and RCF, they appear a tendency to decline in memory and language functions, and there are significant differences between subjects with RCF and normal controls.