健康素养对脑血管支架植入患者术后自我管理行为及服药依从性的影响

Effects of health literacy on postoperative self-management behavior and medication adherence in patients with cerebrovascular stent implantation

摘要:

目的 探讨健康素养对首次行脑血管支架植入患者术后1年自我管理行为及服药依从性的影响。方法 选择2019年5月至2020年5月在安徽医科大学第一附属医院首次行脑血管支架植入术的127例患者，在患者术后1年，采用一般资料问卷、慢性病患者健康素养量表、脑卒中自我管理行为量表、服药依从性量表对其进行回访，采用二元logistic回归分析健康素养对自我管理行为及服药依从性的影响。结果 患者的健康素养得分为（95.67±14.60）分。自我管理行为得分为（197.82±23.29）分，服药依从性得分为（7.29±1.18）分，均为中等水平。二元logistic回归分析显示，健康素养（OR=24.404，95%CI=6.122～97.279）与居住地（OR=5.956，95%CI=1.640～21.633）是患者自我管理行为的独立影响因素；健康素养（OR=4.096，95%CI=1.254～13.375）与慢性病种数量（OR=0.479，95%CI=0.249～0.923）是服药依从性的独立影响因素。结论 脑血管支架植入患者术后1年的健康素养水平不充足。医护人员需关注低健康素养人群，制定和实施科学、合理的健康教育方案，以帮助患者改进自我管理行为及服药依从性。

Abstract:

Objective To explore the effect of health literacy on self-management behavior and medication compliance one year after the first cerebrovascular stent implantation of patients.Methods A total of 127 patients who underwent cerebrovascular stent implantation for the first time in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from May 2019 to May 2020 were selected. One year after surgery，they were followed up with general data questionnaire，health literacy scale for patients with chronic diseases，stroke self-management behavior scale and medication adherence scale. The effects of health literacy on self-management behavior and medication compliance were analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results The health literacy score of patients was 95.67±14.60. The score of self-management behavior and medication compliance was 197.82±23.29 and 7.29±1.18 respectively，both of which were in medium level. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that health literacy（OR=24.404，95%CI=6.122-97.279） and residence（OR=5.956，95%CI=1.640-21.633） were independent influencing factors of patient's self-management behavior； health literacy（OR=4.096，95%CI=1.254-13.375） and the number of chronic diseases（OR=0.479，95%CI=0.249-0.923） were independent influencing factors of medication compliance.Conclusion The level of health literacy of the patients with cerebrovascular stent implantation one year after surgery is insufficient. Medical staff should pay attention to people with low health literacy，formulate and implement scientific and reasonable health education programs to help patients improve self-management behavior and medication compliance.