微小RNAs-mRNAs调控轴在脑缺血-再灌注损伤机制中的作用进展

Advances in the role of miRNAs-mRNAs regulatory axis in the mechanism of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

摘要:

脑缺血-再灌注损伤是缺血性脑卒中发生后出现的一种非常严重的并发症，给患者的神经功能造成不可逆或永久性的损伤，具有较高的致残率和死亡率。微小RNAs（microRNAs，miRNAs）是一种小的内源性核糖核酸分子，通过与1个或多个mRNA的3'-UTR端以序列特异性的方式杂交结合来抑制基因的翻译，调控至少1/3的人类基因组表达。近年来，越来越多的研究发现miRNAs能够通过调控下游的靶mRNAs参与细胞凋亡、氧化应激、神经炎症等脑缺血-再灌注损伤的病理过程，对神经功能的损伤或保护具有重要作用。本文通过对miRNAs-mRNAs调控轴在脑缺血-再灌注损伤机制中的作用研究进行综述，以加深对miRNAs在治疗缺血性脑血管病中的作用机制的认识。

Abstract:

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury（CI-RI） is a very serious complication after ischemic stroke，which causes irreversible or permanent damage to the neurological function of patients and has a high disability rate and mortality. microRNAs（miRNAs） are small endogenous RNA molecules that inhibit the translation of target mRNAs and regulate the expression of at least one-third of the human genome by hybridizing with the 3'-UTR terminals of one or more mRNAs in a sequentially specific manner. In recent years，more and more studies have found that miRNAs can participate in the pathological process of CI-RI such as cell apoptosis，oxidative stress，neuroinflammation and so on by regulating the downstream target mRNAs，and play an important role in the injury or protection of nerve function. This paper reviews the research progress of miRNAs-mRNAs regulatory axis in the mechanism of CI-RI，and deepens the understanding of the mechanism of miRNAs in the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.