基于肠道菌群探讨热量限制防治肥胖相关代谢性疾病的研究进展

Research progress of caloric restriction in the prevention and treatment of obesity related metabolic diseases based on gut microbiota

摘要:

肥胖及其相关代谢性疾病已成为全球范围内严重影响人类健康的疾病。研究发现，菌群紊乱引起条件致病菌和有害细菌代谢产物增多，参与肥胖相关代谢性疾病的发生发展。饮食是影响肠道菌群的关键因素之一。已有大量证据表明，作为饮食干预方式之一，热量限制可明显改善肥胖、糖尿病、非酒精性脂肪肝等代谢性疾病的症状，而肠道菌群可能是其作用靶点之一。本文从肥胖、糖尿病和非酒精性脂肪肝病的肠道菌群改变、热量限制对3种代谢性疾病的治疗效果以及肠道菌群在其中的介导作用3方面进行综述。

Abstract:

Obesity related metabolic diseases seriously affect human health all over the world. It's found that the disorder of gut microbiota leads to the increase of conditional pathogenic bacteria and harmful bacterial metabolites, which is involved in the occurrence and development of obesity related metabolic diseases. Diet is one of the important factors affecting gut microbiota. Caloric restriction as one of dietary intervention, a lot of evidence have proven that it can significantly improve the symptoms of metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gut microbiota may be one of its targets. Therefore, this paper reviews from such following three aspects as the changes of gut microbiota in obesity, diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the therapeutic effect of caloric restriction on these three metabolic diseases and the mediating role of gut microbiota in the process.