成都市高血压患者脑卒中十年发病风险分析

Ten-year risk analysis of stroke among hypertensive patients in Chengdu

摘要:

目的： 分析成都市高血压患者脑卒中十年发病风险。方法： 选择2019年11月至2020年6月于四川大学华西医院就诊的3 642例高血压患者为研究对象，采用美国Framinghan脑卒中十年发病风险评估量表调查患者基本情况与脑卒中发病风险。结果： 患者平均年龄（63.89±10.99）岁，平均收缩压（150.01±21.36）mmHg，糖尿病、房颤、心血管疾病、左心室肥厚等合并症发病率分别为14.36%、6.81%、30.56%、6.51%，吸烟率为9.25%，抗栓、调脂、降压、降糖药物使用率分别为53.13%、37.37%、93.19%、5.38%；脑卒中十年发病风险为（15.02±12.58）%，男性与女性发病风险分别为（16.44±11.57）%、（13.78±13.28）%，男性患者低危、中危、高危比例分别为11.38%、19.34%、69.28%，女性患者低危、中危、高危比例分别为30.88%、22.97%、46.15%。结论： 成都市高血压患者脑卒中十年发病风险较高，心内科医生应当积极帮助患者控制血压，强调戒烟重要性，同时重视糖尿病、房颤、心血管疾病、左心室肥厚等合并症的检出与早期干预，降低患者脑卒中发病风险，从而实现降低脑卒中发病率的最终目标。

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the 10-year risk of stroke among hypertensive patients in Chengdu. Methods: A total of 3 642 patients with hypertension who were treated in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University in Chengdu from November 2019 to June 2020 were selected as the research objects. The basic situation of patients and the risk of stroke were investigated by Framinghan stroke risk assessment scale of the United States. Results: The mean age of patients in this group was (63.89±10.99) years old, the mean systolic blood pressure was (150.01±21.36) mmHg, the incidence of complications such as diabetes, atrial fibrillation, cardiovascular disease and left ventricular hypertrophy was 14.36%, 6.81%, 30.56% and 6.51%, the smoking rate was 9.25%, and the utilization rates of antithrombotic, lipid-regulating, antihypertensive and hypoglycemic drugs were 53.13%, 37.37%, 93.19% and 5.38%. The 10-year incidence risk of stroke in this group was (15.02±12.58) %, male and female were (16.44±11.57) % and (13.78±13.28) %, respectively. The proportions of male patients with low, medium and high risk were 11.38%, 19.34% and 69.28%, respectively. The proportions of female patients with low risk, medium risk and high risk were 30.88%, 22.97% and 46.15%. Conclusion: Patients with hypertension in Chengdu have a high risk of stroke in ten years. Cardiologists shall actively help patients control of blood pressure, emphasize the importance to quit smoking, at the same time attach great importance to the diabetes, atrial fibrillation, cardiovascular disease and left ventricular hypertrophy and other complications of detection and early intervention, and reduce the risk in patients with stroke, so as to realize the ultimate goal of reducing the incidence of cerebral apoplexy.