微生物矿化启迪的仿生功能材料研究进展

Advances in microbial mineralization-inspired biomimetic functional materials

摘要:

微生物矿化现象在自然界中普遍存在，能够生成结构多样、成分各异、性能优越的天然微生物矿物，如生物磷灰石、钙镁碳酸盐、磁铁矿、硅矿物等，其矿物形成的主要机制分为微生物诱导矿化和微生物控制矿化。在微生物矿化过程中，微生物的组织结构及代谢功能活动等均发挥了重要作用，为制备特定成分和功能的仿生矿物材料提供了理论依据。与传统物理或化学方法合成的矿物材料相比，通过模拟微生物矿化发生过程仿生合成的矿化材料不仅结构高度可控，并且生物相容性更高，在生物医学领域有着潜在的应用前景，但精确地模拟微生物矿化仍是一个挑战。本文介绍了微生物矿化过程及其调控因素，并进一步综述了近年来受微生物矿化启发仿生合成的功能材料研究进展。

Abstract:

Microbial mineralization is widespread in nature， and can generate natural microbial minerals with diverse structures，different compositions，and superior performance， such as biological apatite，calcium magnesium carbonate，magnetite，silica minerals，etc. The main mechanism is divided into microbial induced mineralization and microbial controlled mineralization. In the process of microbial mineralization，the organization and metabolic functions of microorganisms play an important role，providing a theoretical basis for the preparation of biomimetic mineral materials with specific components and functions. Compared with mineral materials synthesized by traditional physical or chemical methods， biomimetic synthesis of mineralized materials by simulating the formation process of microbial mineralization not only has a highly controllable structure， but also has higher biocompatibility，which has potential applications in the field of biomedicine. However，it is still a challenge to accurately simulate the mineralization process of microorganisms. This article introduces the process of microbial mineralization and its regulatory factors，and further reviews the research progress of biomimetic synthesis of functional materials inspired by microbial mineralization in recent years.