放射性脑损伤的治疗进展

Advances in the treatment of radiation-induced brain injury

摘要:

放射治疗在控制头颈部肿瘤提高患者生存率的同时，对周围正常脑组织也造成不同程度的损伤，引起放射性脑坏死和认知功能下降，其发生率最高可达90%，严重影响患者的生活质量。研究人员近年来在多个层面上对放射性脑损伤的潜在病因进行了探索，通过筛查和鉴定不同干预靶点，为预防和治疗放射性损伤提供了新的策略。本文对放射性脑损伤的发生发展机制进行了综述，并回顾了现有的药物及非药物干预手段，提出了目前该领域面临的挑战及未来的研究方向。

Abstract:

Although radiotherapy can significantly increase the survival rate of patients with head and neck tumors， it also causes damage to the surrounding normal brain tissue， resulting in radiation-induced brain necrosis and cognitive decline， which shows an incidence rate up to 90% and seriously affects the quality of life of patients. In recent years， researchers have explored the potential etiologies of radiation-induced brain injury（RIBI） at various levels and have identified different types of targets for intervention， providing new strategies for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced damage. This article reviews the mechanisms of the development and progression of RIBI and related pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions and proposes the current challenges and future research directions of this field.