气管切开患者导管封堵器的应用研究

Application of endotracheal tube occluder after tracheotomy

摘要:

目的：探讨应用一次性输液器自制气管切开导管封堵器对气管切开患者拔管前的堵管效果。方法：收集我院因外伤导致肺挫裂伤、呼吸功能不全行气管切开的患者共62例，根据所采用导管封堵器的不同分为对照组及实验组。对照组37例，采用胶布缠绕棉签或纱布自制成软塞做为封堵器进行气管切开患者导管封堵；实验组25例，采用一次性输液器作为封堵器进行气管切开患者导管封堵，比较２组在堵管操作时间、堵管器具脱出、呼吸道再次感染、气道异物发生的差异。结果：实验组在堵管护理操作时间上少于对照组（Z=6.7，P=0.000），堵管器具脱出实验组低于对照组（P=0.017），２组在呼吸道再次感染、气道异物的发生上差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论：使用一次性输液器自制成气管切开导管封堵器对气管切开患者进行导管封堵克服了传统方法许多缺点，值得在临床上推广。

Abstract:

Objective：To study the effects of endotracheal tube occluder made from disposable infusion apparatus. Methods：Sixty-two patients underwent tracheotomy due to pulmonary contusion and respiratory insufficiency were enrolled and divided into two group according to different occluders. Thirty-seven patients in control group were treated with traditional occluders while 25 patients in ex－periment group were treated with occluders made from dispos－able infusion apparatus. The time for closing endotracheal tube，occluder drop incidence，secondary infection and the occurrence of airway foreign body were compared. Results：Experiment group showed a shorter time for closing endotracheal tube（Z=6.7，P=0.000） and a lower incidence of occluder drop compared with those of control group（P=0.017）. There was no difference between the two groups in secondary infection and the occurrence of airway foreign body（P >0.05）. Conclusion：The new endotracheal tube occluder made from disposable infusion apparatus overcomes defects of the traditional occluder. It has the potential to be widely used in clinic work.