Abstract:Objective: To investigate the characteristics and clinical outcomes of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma. Methods: The ultrasonographic characteristics and clinical outcomes of 15 fetuses with prenatal diagnosis of cardiac rhabdomyoma in our hospital from August 2016 to August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: In 15 fetuses with cardiac rhabdomyoma, 8 cases (53.3%) were single and 7 cases (46.7%) were multiple, with left ventricle as most common favorite site, and prenatal ultrasound showed uniform hyperechoic mass. The other structural malformation were not detected in 13 fetuses (86.7%), 1 case accompanied with ventricular septal defect and 1 case with multiple nodules in the brain parenchyma. Pregnancy outcome: 9 fetuses (60.0%) were terminated, 5 fetuses (33.3%) delivered at term, and 1 fetus lost follow-up. In the 5 full-term delivered fetuses, cardiac rhabdomyoma still presented in 3 cases, and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) were not found. Cardiac rhabdomyoma disappeared in 1 case and no other abnormalities were found, and TSC in many organs were found in 1 case. Conclusion: Prenatal ultrasound of fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma has typical features: single or multiple round-like, uniform echogenic masses in the heart cavity, well-demarcated, and attached to the ventricular wall or septum. The condition without TSC has good prognosis, and its prognosis can be guided by strengthening doctor-patient communication in clinical work, combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genetic test.
