Risk of deep venous thrombosis in patients with hip arthroplasty in different stages and related influencing factors

Abstract:

Objective：To investigate the changes in the risk of deep venous thrombosis（DVT） in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty in different stages and related influencing factors. Methods：The method of convenience sampling was used. A total of 209 patients who underwent hip arthroplasty in a grade A tertiary hospital in Chongqing，China were enrolled，and a questionnaire of general informa－tion，Autar Scale，Barthel scale，and Charlson comorbidity index were used for observation on the day of admission，the day of surgery，and the day of discharge and at one month after discharge. Results：The total score of DVT risk assessment ranged from 12.31 to 15.42 at different time points；this score started to increase since the day of admission，reached the peak on the day of surgery，and then tended to decrease，but the risk of DVT on the day of discharge was higher than that on the day of admission. The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that activities of daily living was the most effective predictive factor for DVT on admission（β=-0.460，P<0.05） and disease type was an independent influencing factor for DVT on admission（ β=0.194，P=0.000）；body mass index（BMI） was an important risk factor for DVT from after surgery to one month after discharge（ β=0.315，0.302，and 0.251，all P<0.05）；age，times of hospitalization，and Charlson comorbidity index were important predictive factors for DVT from admission to one month after discharge（β=0.229，β=0.098，β=0.258；β= 0.383，β=0.133，β=0.423；β=0.273，β=0.114，β=0.115，β=0.313；β=0.217，β=0.115，β=0.223，all P<0.05），and time to ambulation after surgery was also an influencing factor for DVT（β=0.258 and 0.278，P<0.05）. Conclusion：Patients undergoing hip arthroplasty have intermediate to high risk of DVT from admission to one month after discharge. Old age，obesity，Charlson comorbidity，history of multiple hospital－izations，and a long time to ambulation after surgery are risk fac－tors for DVT. Preventive measures should be taken according to the risk factors in different periods of time，and the medical staff should pay attention to the patients with a high risk of DVT at the time of discharge. Comprehensive preventive measures for DVT should be taken seriously and follow-up after discharge should be strengthened.