Effect of microglial cells on cerebral ischemia

Abstract:

Microglia are important immune cells in the central nervous system. They play a dual role in inflammatory damage and neuroprotection during inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia. After cerebral ischemia，microglia are activated and prolifer－ated，converting into M1 phenotype and M2 phenotype. Different microglia phenotypes have different effects on cerebral ischemia. M1-polarized microglia inhibit the recovery of central nervous system by releasing inflammatory mediators，while M2-polarized microglia promote tissue regeneration and repair by releasing anti-inflammatory cytokines，transforming growth factor，and brain-derived nerve growth factor. This article reviews the activation and mechanism of action，migration and proliferation，polarization，and the effect of microglia on cerebral ischemia.