Abstract:Objective: To explore the correlation between thyroid nodules and urinary iodine and its risk factors. Methods: From January 2014 to December 2021, people who had thyroid nodules puncture in the Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, and participated in the "National Survey of Thyroid Diseases and Iodine Nutrition Status–2014" were selected as the research object. The patients with thyroid nodules confirmed by color Doppler ultrasound and cytopathology were divided into the benign thyroid nodule group and the malignant thyroid nodule group with a total of 3 206 cases. Urinary iodine value, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) , free triiodothyronine (FT3) , free thyroxine (FT4) , thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) , thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) , blood biochemistry, and other related indicators were measured. SPSS 26.0 was used for t-test and rank sum test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors. Results: ①The urinary iodine content (159.86 μg/L) in the thyroid nodule group was lower than that in the normal population (187.15 μg/L) , and the difference was statistically significant. The proportion of urinary iodine<100 μg/L was higher than that of urinary iodine>300 μg/L in the thyroid nodule group, and the composition ratio of iodine content in the thyroid nodule group was statistically different from that in the normal population (P<0.01) .②The median urinary iodine level in the benign thyroid nodule group (134.70 μg/L) was lower than that in the malignant thyroid nodule group (172.83 μg/L) .③According to the results of logistic regression analysis, as for gender, when the male assignment was 1 and the female assignment was 2 (OR=34.400, 95%CI=1.619-730.759, P=0.023) , the results showed that the risk of malignant thyroid nodules in women was 33.4 times higher than that in men. Urinary iodine (OR=1.018, 95%CI=1.000-1.036, P=0.048) , FT4 (OR=1.876, 95%CI=1.081-3.254, P=0.025) , TPOAb (OR=0.948, 95%CI=0.911-0.986, P=0.008) , triglyceride (OR=2.523, 95%CI=1.194-5.330, P=0.015) were the promoting factors for the occurrence of malignant thyroid nodules. Conclusion: Urinary iodine, gender, FT4, TPOAb, and triglyceride are related to the prevalence of malignant thyroid nodules and promote the occurrence of malignant thyroid nodules. The distribution of iodine content in the normal group was significantly different from that in the thyroid nodule group.
