Abstract:Objective: To discuss the effect of less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) and intubation surfactant exudation (INSURE) to inject pulmonary surfactant (PS) on respiratory distress syndrome in infants with very low birth weight. Methods: A total of 110 cases of very low birth weight infants with respiratory distress syndrome admitted to NICU (neonatal intensive care unit) of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from February 2018 to March 2020 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into control group and observation group according to the single and double numbers of hospitalization number. Among them, 56 cases in control group applied INSURE technique, and 54 cases in observation group applied LISA technique. The differences of one-time success of intubation, medication reflux, PS medication reuse rate, 72 h mechanical ventilation rate, mechanical ventilation time, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) duration, oxygen time, hospitalization time and hospitalization expenses between the two groups were analyzed retrospectively. Results: In this technique operation, one-time success rate of intubation in the observation group was higher than that in the control group［98.15% (53/54) vs.85.71% (48/56), P=0.042］. In the course of treatment, the average of fraction of inspiration O2 (FiO2), incidence of bradycardia, and rate of re-tracheal intubation within 72 hours in observation group were lower than those in control group, with significant differences (P<0.05) . The utilization rate of mechanical ventilation in control group was higher than that in observation group ［30.36% (17/56) vs.12.96% (7/54), P=0.027］. The average hospitalization expenses in control group［ (99 720.23±37 356.95) yuan］were higher than those in observation group［ (85 630.83±34 110.20) yuan］, with significant differences (P=0.041) . Conclusion: The LISA technique is superior to INSURE technique in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in very low weight infants.
