Inhibitory effect of dihydroartemisinin combined with cisplatin on the proliferation of bladder cancer cells

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effects of dihydroartemisinin（DHA） combined with cisplatin（DDP） on inhibiting the proliferation，invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer cells.Methods The bladder cancer cells T24/5637 were used as research subjects，and half maximal inhibitory concentration（IC₅₀） of DDP and DHA were respectively detected by CCK-8. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effects of DHA and DDP alone or in combination on the cycle and apoptosis of the two cell lines. The effects of DHA and DDP alone or in combination on the migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells were detected by scratch test and Transwell test.Results The IC₅₀ of DDP against 5637 cells and T24 cells were 17.10 μg/mL and 15.28 μg/mL，respectively. The IC₅₀ of DHA was 24.08 μg/mL for 5637 cells and 32.27 μg/mL for T24 cells. The blocking effect of DHA/DDP alone on G₀/G₁ phase was weaker than that of the combination group（P<0.05），and there was no statistical significance in the inhibition effect of DHA/DDP alone and in combination on G₂/M phase. The apoptosis rate of T24 and 5637 cells induced by DHA combined with DDP was significantly higher than that of DHA/DDP alone（P<0.05），and the apoptosis rate induced by DDP was significantly higher than that of DHA（P<0.05）. At 24 h，the percentage of migration area in DHA group was larger than that in DDP group（P<0.05） and DDP+DHA group（P<0.05），and the percentage of migration area in DDP group was larger than that in DDP+DHA group（P<0.05）. After 24 h，the inhibitory rate of DHA group was significantly lower than that of DDP group（P<0.05） and DDP+DHA group（P<0.05），and the inhibitory rate of DDP group was significantly lower than that of DDP+DHA group（P<0.05）.Conclusion DDP+DHA could enhance the inhibitory effect of DDP on the proliferation of bladder cancer cells，and DDP+DHA could further enhance the inhibitory effect of DDP on the migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells.