Research progress of molecular mechanism of palmitic acid-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction

Abstract:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM） is a common metabolic disease characterized by absolute or relative insulin deficiency clinically. Pancreatic β-cells are the core of insulin secretion and blood glucose control. In recent years，researches have found that palmitic acid can directly or indirectly induce pancreatic β-cell dysfunction，which is closely related to the occurrence and development of T2DM. However，the specific mechanisms are complex and have not been fully elucidated. Therefore，exploring the molecular mechanism of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction induced by palmitic acid has always been an urgent need in clinical research. This article reviews the research progress of the relationship between palmitic acid and pancreatic β-cells on molecular mechanisms related to oxidative stress，endoplasmic reticulum stress，inflammatory response，autophagy，proliferation，dedifferentiation，and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes，and discusses new targets and ideas for improving pancreatic β-cell function clinically，in order to provide references for further researches on the mechanism and clinical treatment of T2DM.