Echocardiographic changes in patients with acromegaly with hypertension and abnormal glucose metabolism

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the echocardiographic changes in patients with acromegaly with hypertension and abnormal glucose metabolism.Methods We retrospectively included 120 patients with acromegaly diagnosed in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from April 2016 to August 2021. According to the presence or absence of hypertension and/or abnormal glucose metabolism，the patients were divided into group A（without hypertension or abnormal glucose metabolism），group B（with only abnormal glucose metabolism），group C（with only hypertension），and group D（with both hypertension and abnormal glucose metabolism）. We compared the echocardiographic parameters of the groups，and analyzed the influence of comorbidities on the structure and function of the heart in patients with acromegaly.Results There were no significant differences in the echocardiographic parameters of the right heart between the groups. The results of left heart echocardiogphic parameters showed that the left ventricular mass index and interventricular septal thickness of group D were significantly higher than groups A and B， and mitral ratio of peak early and late diastolic filling velocity （E/A） was significantly lower than groups A and B（P<0.05）. Group D had significantly higher probabilities of left ventricular hypertrophy，left atrial enlargement，and an abnormal left ventricular E/A ratio（odds ratio ［OR］=3.40，P=0.005；OR=4.14，P=0.009；OR=5.95，P<0.001）.Conclusion Echocardiography can sensitively detect and accurately evaluate cardiac changes in patients with acromegaly with hypertension and/or abnormal glucose metabolism.