Effects of Ginsenoside Rg3 on bone metabolism and intestinal calcium absorption in osteoporosis rats

Abstract:

Objective To explore the effect of Ginsenoside Rg3 on bone metabolism and intestinal calcium absorption in osteoporosis（OP） rats.Methods 60 SPF grade female Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group，model group，positive group，and experimental group，with 15 rats in each group. Except for the blank group，all other rats were used to prepare OP rat models using the OVX method. After successful modeling，the blank group and the model group were given normal saline by gavage[10 mL/（kg·d）]，the positive group was given alendronic acid sodium and vitamin D3 by gavage[6.25 mg/（kg·w）]，and the experimental group was given ginsenoside Rg3[80 mg/（kg·d）] by gavage for 12 consecutive weeks. Bone mineral density changes of femur and tibia in each group were detected. Serum osteoprotegerin（OPG），procollagen type I N-terminal peptide（PINP），tartrate resistant acid phosphatase（TRACP） Changes in the content of Type I collagen cross-linked C-terminal peptide（CTX-I）；TUNEL method was used to analyze the apoptosis of intestinal mucosal tissue cells in each group；Masson's method was used to analyze the pathological changes of intestinal mucosal tissue fibers in each group；Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the protein expression of vitamin D membrane associated rapid response steroid binding（1，25-D3-MARRS） in intestinal mucosa tissues of each group；Protein immunoblotting and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression levels of Jagged1，Notch1，Hes1 protein and mRNA in each group.Results After modeling，the bone density of the femur and tibia in rats decreased significantly，and the levels of OPG，PINP，TRACP，and CTX-I in serum showed significant changes（P<0.05）；Significant pathological changes occur in the intestinal mucosa tissue，with increased fibrosis and increased degree of cell apoptosis；The expression of 1，25-D3-MARRS protein in intestinal mucosal tissue decreased（P<0.05）. After treatment，compared with the model group，the bone density of the femur and tibia of the positive and experimental groups were significantly increased，and the serum levels of OPG，PINP，TRACP，and CTX-I were significantly improved（P<0.05）；The pathological changes of intestinal mucosa tissue have significantly improved，with reduced fibrosis and reduced degree of cell apoptosis；The expression of Jagged1，Notch1，Hes1 proteins and mRNA in intestinal mucosal tissue was significantly improved（P<0.05）.Conclusion Ginsenoside Rg3 can increase bone density of OP rats，reduce apoptosis and fibrosis of intestinal mucosa，increase the expression of 1，25D3-MARRS protein in intestinal mucosa，and improve intestinal calcium absorption.