Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effect of different concentrations of Puerarin（Pur） on the proliferation of choroidal vascular endothelial cells（CVECs） in vitro. Methods：The third generation of CVECs were used for the research. The CVECs in experimental group were exposed to different concentrations of Pur while those in cell control group were exposed to equal amount of blank medi－um. The effect of Pur on the proliferation of cells was measured by methyl thiazolyl thiazolium（MTT） assay. Results：CVECs cultured with 0.05，0.50，5.00 μg/ml and 50.00 μg/ml Pur showed increase in absorbance（A） value at 24 h and 48 h after treatment（P<0.01）. Conclusion：Pur can obvious promote the proliferation of CVECs，which is related with the dosage of Pur.

Abstract:Objective：To study the characteristics of HBV genotype/subgenotype and mutations in precore/core promoter（CP） region in chronic HBV-infected patients suffering from HBV clustering infection families with unfavorable prognosis and to analyze its cor－relation with the outcome of HBV infection. Methods：A total of 101 family clustering chronic HBV infected patients with unfavorable prognosis were enrolled in this study，including 31 cases of asymptomatic carriers（ASC），27 cases of chronic hepatitis B（CHB），13 cases of chronic severe hepatitis B（CSHB），30 cases of liver cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma（LC/HCC） and 92 CHB pa－tients without family assemble features were taken as control group. HBV genotype/subgenotypes and mutations in precore/CP region of all samples were determined by nested-PCR combined with direct nucleotide sequence analysis. Results：Subgenotype Ba was pre－dominant in both experimental group and control group，followed by C2 and C1，only 1 subgenotype Bj was detected in experimental group. The prevalence of genotype C was dramatically higher and Ba was significant lower in experimental group than in control group（P<0.001）. In addition，patients infected with subgenotype C1 had higher prevalence of（LC/HCC） than patients infected with subgenotype Ba or C2（83.3% vs. 29.9%，11.8%，P<0.001）. There was no significant difference in the frequency of mutations in pre－core/CP region between the two groups. In experimental group，substitution mutations were detected at 17 sites，the variation rate in A1752，A1775，G1899 was not statistically different among ASC，CHB，CSHB and LC/HCC groups，while the prevalence of mutations in T1753，A1762，G1764，A1846，G1896 showed a trend of gradual increase along with diseases progression. In LC/HCC group，the frequencies of A1762T/G1764A double mutants and A1762T/G1764A/G1896A triple mutants were 73.3% and 36.7% respectively，obviously higher than those in ASC（22.6%，9.7%，P<0.01） and CHB group（29.6%，P<0.05）. Conclusions：The patients in ex－perimental group show dramatically increased prevalence of genotype C infection. Subgenotype C1 and multiple-site muta－tions in precore/CP region may be associated with the poor prognosis after HBV infection.

Abstract:Objective：To determine the relationship between EGFRvⅢ expression and sensitivity of SKOV3 cell to Gefitinib and to give rational guidance to clinical medication. Methods：Plasmid pcDNA4/TO-EGFRvⅢ was stably transfected into SKOV3 cell and the cell strains stably expressing EGFRvⅢ were screened out by zeocin antibiotics and named SKOV3-EGFRvⅢ. MTT was used to assess the viability of SKOV3- EGFRvⅢ cell and SKOV3 cell treated by Gefitinib. Nude mice allograft tumor models bearing SKOV3 and SKOV-EGFRvⅢ were treated by Gefitinib. The sensitivity of the tumor model to Gefitinib was assessed by measuring the tumor size. Results：Results of Western blot indicated that SKOV3-EGFRvⅢ cell strain was successfully established. According to the results of MMT，after being treated by Gefitinib，the mortality was lower in SKOV3-EGFRvⅢ cell than in SKOV3 cell and the inhibi－tion effect of Gefitinib was less intense on tumor model carrying SKOV3-EGFRvⅢ cell than on that carrying SKOV3. Conclusion：Over expression of EGFRvⅢ in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell results in its decreased sensitivity to Gefitinib.

Abstract:Objective：To observe the levels of nuclear transcription factors-κB（NF-κB） and matrix metalloproteinases-2（MMP-2） in the liver tissues of rats with hepatic fibrosis and to explore the anti-hepatic fibrosis mechanism of total flavone from Litchi chinensis Sonn.（TFL）. Methods：Rats were randomized into normal control group，model group，TFL high dose group，TFL low dose group and colchicine group. Rat model of hepatic fibrosis was established by intraperitoneal injection of dimethylnitrosamine for 4 weeks. At the same time，TFL was orally given to fibrosis rats at a dose of 100 or 200 mg/（kg·d），colchicine was administrated intragastrically at a dose of 0.1 mg/（kg·d） and equal amount of normal saline was given to rats in normal control group and model group. After 6 weeks，all rats were sacrificed and their left liver lobes were examined histopathologically. The liver and spleen index was figured out. The degrees of fibrosis were evaluated by HE and Masson straining. Serum trail levels of alanine aminotransferase（ALT），aspartate aminotransferase（AST），hyaluronic acid（HA），laminin（LN） and MMP-2 were detected. Expressions of NF-κB and MMP-2 in liver tissues were assessed by SP immunohistochemical staining. Results：The liver and spleen index and the serum trail levels of ALT，AST，HA，LN and MMP-2 were significantly lower in TFL high dose and low dose groups than in model group（P<0.01）. Degrees of hepatic fibrosis were less severe in TFL high dose and low dose groups than in model group（P<0.05）. Expression levels of NF-κB and MMP-2 were lower in TFL high dose and low dose groups than in model group（P<0.05）. Conclusions：TEL has obvious anti-hepatic fibrosis effect；the mechanism possibly correlates with the inhibition of NF-κB and MMP-2 expression.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effects of panax notoginseng saponins（PnS） on diet induced metabolic dysfunction and ex－pression of inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue of obese mice and to discuss the function of PnS in improving obesity. Methods：C57BL/6 mice were randomized into standard diet（SD） and high fat diet（HFD）. Ten weeks afterwards，HFD mice were treated with vehicle（HFD-Veh），low doses（100 mg/kg，HFD-PnS 100） and high doses（200 mg/kg，HFD-PnS 200） of PnS while SD mice were treated with vehicle（SD-Veh） and high doses of PnS（SD-PnS 200）. The mice in control group were treated with the same volume of saline. Body weight and fat mass in each group were detected. Serum lipid and glucose levels were detected using automatic bio－chemistry analyzer. Serum insulin and tumor necrosis factor-?琢（TNF-?琢） levels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein－1（MCP-1） and TNF-?琢 mRNA in epididymis adipose tissue were de－tected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results：Two weeks after treatment with PnS，the body weight，fat mass，serum insulin and TNF-?琢 level as well as the expression of MCP-1 and TNF-?琢 mRNA of obese mice in both high and low dose group were significantly de－creased. The contents of serum lipid and glucose were improved and the effect was better in high dose group than in low dose group. Conclusions：PnS has beneficial effects on diet induced metabolic dysfunction and high doses of PnS are superior to low doses.

Abstract:Objective：To detect the expressions of Ebp1 and androgen receptor（AR） in benign prostatic hyperplasia（BPH） and prostate cancer（PCa） and to analyze their relationship with pathological grade of PCa，level of prostate specific antigen（PSA） and clinical stage. Methods：The expressions of Ebp1 and AR in 21 specimens of BPH and 55 specimens of PCa were detected by im－munohistochemistry. The differences of Ebp1 and AR expressions in BPH and PCa at different clinical stages，preoperative PSA levels，pathological grades of PCa were analyzed and their correlations were studied. Results：The positive rate of Ebp1 was significantly higher in PCa than in BPH tissues（P<0.05），and that of AR showed no significant differences between BPH and PCa groups（P >0.05）. Both the expressions of Ebp1 and AR were closely related with the pathological grade and clinical stage of PCa（P<0.05），but not with PSA level（P >0.05）. There was a positive correlation between expressions of Ebp1 and AR in PCa tissues（P<0.05）. Conclu－sions：Ebp1 is expressed differently in BPH and PCa. Ebp1 might become an indicator for the differential diagnosis of PCa. With the progression of PCa，the expressions of AR and Ebp1 are gradu－ally reduced，with positive correlation between them，which could be used jointly to evaluate the prognosis of PCa.

Abstract:Objective：To create Morphine addiction model by conditioned place preference firstly and then to create epilepsy model on the basis of Morphine addiction，finally to study whether Morphine addiction and epilepsy exert effects on spatial learning and memorizing of institute of cancer research（ICR） mice from behavioral by water maze. Methods：Totally 40 ICR mice having excellent performance by early platform of natural preference and training of water maze were selected. All these mice were equally divided into Morphine addiction complicated with epilepsy group, Morphine addiction group, epilepsy group and control group（n=10）. Seven days continuous injection of Morphine was used to create Morphine addiction model while Pilocarpine was injected to create epilepsy model. Water maze test was performed to observe the learning and memorizing of mice. Results：Water maze escape latency was longer in Morphine addiction complicated epilepsy mice than in epilepsy mice. Conclusion：Morphine addition and epilepsy exert synergistic effect on learning and memory of ICR mice.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the genotypes of human papilloma viruses（HPV）in women with different gynecologic diseases in Xinjiang by PCR-reverse dot blot（PCR-RDB）. Methods：Clinical specimens from 335 women with suspected symptoms of gynecologic disorders were collected and HPV DNA（L1） was isolated and subjected to genotyping by PCR-RDB. HPV infection rates were cal－culated and statistical analysis of χ2 test was performed to compare the HPV infection rates among different groups. Results：Totally 108 specimens were identified to be HPV positive and the posotive rate was 32.2%（108/335）. Nine kinds of HPV genotypes（HPV 16，18，33，45，56，68，6，11，66） were identified by PCR-RDB and HPV 16，18，56 had higher infection rates than other HPV genotypes. Statistic analysis showed that patients with condyloma，cervical intraepithelial neoplasiaⅡ/Ⅲ and cervical cancer had significantly higher HPV positive rates and high-risk HPV infection rates than those with cervicitis or cervical erosion（P＜0.05）. Additionally，HPV infection rates were decreased with the increasing of age. Conclusions：HPV infection is common in patients with different uter－ine-cervical diseases in Xinjiang and HPV genotyping by PCR-RDB could provide epidemiological evidence for the diagnosis，treat－ment and follow-up of HPV infection.

Abstract:Objective：To approach the expressions and significances of estrogen receptor（ER），progesterone recetor（PR），human epi－dermal growth factor receptor-2（HER-2），Ki67，Nm23 and P53 in multicentric breast cancer. Methods：Clinical and pathological data of 45 cases of multicentric breast cancer from 2005 to 2010 in the affiliated tumor hospital of Xinjiang medical university were stud－ied retrospectively and 60 cases unilateral single breast cancer were selected as the control. Results：①The positive rates of HER-2 and Ki67 were higher in multicentric breast cancer than in unilateral single breast cancer，with significant differences（P＜0.05）. The positive rate of Nm23 was lower in multicentric breast cancer than in unilateral single breast cancer，with significant differences（P＜0.05）. The positive rates of ER，PR and P53 were lower in multicentric breast cancer than in unilateral single breast cancer，with significant differences（P ＞0.05）.②The differences in the expression of ER，PR，HER-2，Ki67，Nm23 and P53 between special and non special multicentric breast cancer were insignificant（P ＞0.05）. ③The expression of PR was lower in multicentric breast can－cer with high histological differentiation than in those with low histological differentiation，with significant differences（P ＜0.05）. The ER protein expression was lower in multicentric breast cancer with high histological differentiation than in those with low histological differentiation，with significant differences（P >0.05）. Conclusions：The detection of ER and PR can not only guide the clinical drug administration but also indicate the progression of breast cancer. HER-2，Ki67 and Nm23 may be related with multicentric breast cancer，which may be high-risk factors of multicentric breast cancer.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the expressions and correlations of KAI1 and Smad4 protein in non-small cell lung carcinoma （NSCLC） and to study their pathological significance and function in NSCLC. Methods：Totally 150 cases of NSCLC were chosen as experimental group and 60 cases of normal lung tissues as control group. The expressions of KAI1 and Smad4 protein were examined by immunohistochemistry and were analyzed along with their clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of NSCLC in order to observe the differences in expressions and correlations among them. Results：The expressions of KAI1 and Smad4 were lower in ex－perimental group than in control group（P<0.000 1）. The expressions of KAI1 and Smad4 were correlated with differentiation，lymph node metastasis，pleural invasion and clinical stage（P<0.000 1）. The expressions of KAI1 and Smad4 were correlated with prognosis of NSCLC（P<0.000 1）. Conclusions：The lower expressions of KAI1 and Smad4 can promote the occurrence and development of NSCLC. The combined detection of KAI1 and Smad4 protein postoperatively might be helpful to predict the prognosis of NSCLC.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the electroencephalographic characteristics of febrile seizures（FS） and to indicate the relationship between abnormity of electroencephalogram（EEG） and subsequent epilepsy occurrence. Methods：Totally 165 patients with FS were referred from the outpatient and inpatient department for video-electroencephalogram（VEEG） within 7-20 d after the seizure. VEEGs were classified as paroxysmally abnormal based on the presence of spikes，sharp waves or spike-wave complexes. The relationship between paroxysmally abnormal EEG and subsequent epilepsy occurrence was discussed. Results：Of the 165 patients with FS，60（36.36%） revealed paroxysmal abnormality on VEEG and 45（75%） developed epilepsy. The abnormal rate of VEEG was closely re－lated with age，family history of EP，fever temperature，FS type，types of seizures，more than one seizure within 24 h and the duration of seizures. Of the 8 patients with generalized paroxysmal spike and wave activity，2（25%） developed epilepsy. Of the 14 patients with rolandic discharge（RD），9（64.3%） developed epilepsy. Of the 21 patients with paroxysms in the occipital region，18（85.7%） developed epilepsy. Of the 17 patients with paroxysms in the frontal region，16（94.1%） developed epilepsy. Compared with general－ized EEG foci，the relative risk（RR） for patients with frontal EEG foci was 48.0. Patients with frontal EEG paroxysms had signifi－cantly higher risk of developing epilepsy than those with paroxysms in other regions of EEG foci（P=0.003）. Conclusion：These find－ings suggest that patients with FS presenting frontal paroxysmal EEG abnormalities may be at risk for epilepsy.

Abstract:Objective：To study the prognostic factors of WHO Ⅲ grade glioma patients treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Methods：Totally 59 gliomas patients were included in this study. All patients within six weeks after the operation began radiotherapy with total average dose of 59.4 Gy and received chemotherapy at four weeks after radiotherapy. They were divided into radiotherapy （RT） group and combined radiochemotherapy（RCT） group according to their treatment methods after the operation. All patients were followed up periodically after treatment. Survival probabilities were estimated based on Kaplan-Meyer survival analysis and Log rank test. Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate regression analysis. Results：The prolonged overall survival time was affected by age，good physical condition，anaplastic oligodentrocytoma histological diagnosis，complete resection or radiotherapy plus PCV chemotherapy. Based on the median survival time of the terminal node，all patients in this study were divided into four groups. Patients received radiotherapy plus PCV chemotherapy after complete resection without depending on histological diagnosis and those with incomplete resection but the best physical condition（ECOG score was 0 grade） can be expected to achieve a longer lifetime. Based on the postoperative clinical environment，the current results can be used to estimate the probability of survival. Conclusions：The grouping can successfully predict the survival time of patients with WHO Ⅲ grade glioma. Physical condition，extent of resection，his－tological diagnosis and treatment methods are the major determinants for the survival time of patients.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the clinical efficacy of dendritic cells-cytokine induced killer（DC-CIK） cells combined with surgi－cal treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）. Methods：Totally 67 patients with HCC were randomly divided into treatment group （n=34） and control group（n=33）. The patients in control group were received hepatectomy while those in treatment group were given hepatectomy combined with DC-CIK cell treatment. The immune function，quality of life，tumor recurrence rate and adverse reactions were analyzed postoperatively. Results：In treatment group，the proportion of CD3+，CD4+，CD16+CD56+ and the ratio of CD4+ against CD8+ were increased and the proportion of CD8+ effect cells was decreased significantly after DC-CIK cell treatment compared with those before DC-CIK cell treatment，with statistical differences（P<0.05）. After treatment，the proportion of CD3+，CD4+，CD16+CD56+ and the ratio of CD4+ against CD8+ were increased and the proportion of CD8+ effect cells was decreased significantly in treatment group compared with those in control group，with statistical differences（P<0.05）. Quality of life of 61.8% patients in treatment group was improved，significantly higher than that of 36.4% in control group（P<0.05）. The 1-year survival rate and 1-year recurrence rate in treatment group and control group were 91.2% vs. 81.8% and 8.8% vs. 15.2% respectively，with no significant statistical difference between two groups（P >0.05）. The side effects of DC-CIK cells treatment were fever，chills and could be alleviated after symptomatic treatment. Conclusions：DC-CIK cells combined with surgical treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is safe and effec－tive and it plays an important role in improving immune function and quality of life of HCC patients.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the high risk factors of giant coronary artery aneurysms（GCAA） complicated with Kawasaki dis－ease（KD） and to provide references for prevention and follow up of GCAA. Methods：Totally 3 191 patients with KD from September 2003 to September 2011 in our hospital were enrolled including 34 patients complicated with GCAA（GCAA group），76 patients complicated with small or medium coronary artery aneurysms（CAA，small or medium CAA group），2 020 patients complicated with coronary artery dilation（CAD，304 patients were selected randomly as CAD group） and 1 061 patients with non coronary artery lesion （NCAL，216 patients were selected randomly as NCAL group）. Statistical description of epidemiological data and cardiac involvement of patients in the four groups was made. Chi-square test was used to analyze the possible risk factors of GCAA. Multiple Logistic re－gression analysis was performed to estimate the OR and 95%CI for the risk factors. Results：In the GCAA，small or medium CAA，CAD，NCAL group，the numbers of male，female cases were 27 and 7，54 and 22，212 and 92，113 and 103，respectively；their average ages were （4.8 ± 3.8） years，（2.8±2.6） years，（2.4±1.9） years，（3.0±2.2） years，respectively. Chi-square test showed that the fac－tors of age <1 year or ≥5 years，febrile days >14 d，white blood cell counts≥20.00×109/L，platelet counts≥800×109/L，hemoglobin <90 g/L，lower hematokrit，C-reactive peptide>100 mg/L，erythrocyte sedimentation rate（ESR） >100 mm/h，accepting the first intra－venous immunoglobulin（IVIG） until the 11 d after finishing the disease course，insensitivity to initial treatment with IVIG were as－sociated with CAA. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that ESR >100 mm/h[OR=2.946，95%CI（1.167，7.439），P=0.022]，febrile days >14 d [OR=3.317，95%CI（1.302，8.450），P=0.012] were the independent risk factors of GCAA. Conclusions：Febrile days>14 d，ESR >100 mm/h are the independent risk factors of GCAA.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the ‘ball tip’ technique in placing thoracic pedicle screw（TPS） as com－pared with the conventional ‘freehand’ technique. Methods：Totally 79 patients scheduled for ＴＰＳ placement from January 2010 to Jan－uary 2011 were divided into group Ⅰ（37 patients，with ball tip technique） and group Ⅱ（42 patients，with conventional free hand tech－nique） randomly. All patients in both groups were scanned by intraoperative 3D-C arm or postoperative CT to measure the accuracy and safety of TPS placement and the pedicle perfo－ration. Results：Totally 478 screws were placed and perforation was occurred in 10 screws（4.45%） in groupⅠand 67 screws（26.48%） in groupⅡ（P <0.001）. In groupⅠand groupⅡ，the respective numbers of TPS with pedicle perforation ≤ 2 mm were 8 and 48（P <0.001），with pedicle perforation between 2-4 mm were 2 and 18（P =0.001） and with pedicle perforation > 4 mm were 0 and 1. One case in group Ⅱsuffered segmental back pain after surgery but recovered by using neurotrophy drugs at one week postoperatively. No vascular，internal organ，neurological injuries caused by TPS placement was occurred in the others patients in both groups. Conclu－sion：The ‘ball tip’ technique shows high accuracy and safety in TPS placement as compared with the conventional ‘freehand’ tech－nique.

Abstract:Objective：To analyze the correlations of plasma levels of endothelin-1（ET-1）and calcitonin gene-related pepfide（CGRP） with ascites and liver function in cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension. Methods：Seventy eight cirrhosis patients with portal hy－pertension were enrolled in this study and the plasma levels of ET-1 and CGRP in the peripheral venous blood and portal venous blood of all patients were detected. Among the 78 patients，42 with ascites and 36 without ascites. Based on child-pugh classification，35 cases were in class A，26 cases were in class B and 17 cases were in class C. Results：There were significant differences in ve－nous blood ET-1 levels between portal hypertension patients without ascites and the control patients（P<0.05）. Significant differences in venous blood ET-1 levels between patients with ascites and patients without ascites were observed（P<0.05）. In patients with ascites，there were significant differences in ET-1 levels between portal vein blood and peripheral venous blood（P<0.05）. Significant differ－ences in venous blood levels of CGRP between patients with ascites and patients without ascites were observed（P<0.05）. There were statistical differences in levels of ET-1 and CGRP in the peripheral venous blood and portal venous blood between class A patients and class B patients（P<0.05）. There were statistical differences between levels of EF-1 in portal venous blood and levels of ET-1 in peripheral venous blood in class C patients（P<0.05）. There were statistical differences between levels of CGRP in peripheral ve－nous blood and levels of CGRP in portal venous blood in class C patients（P<0.05）. Furthermore，the liver function was negatively cor－related with level of ET-1 and CGRP in the peripheral venous blood and portal venous blood（rs=-0.783，P<0.05；rs=-0.695，P<0.05）（rs=-0.642，P<0.05，rs=-0.671，P<0.05）. Conclusions：The high level of venous blood ET-1 and CGRP is correlated with as－cites formation in cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension. Moreover，the liver function is also correlated with venous blood levels of ET-1 and CGRP，which indicates that venous blood levels of ET-1 and CGRP might be potent hypertensive indica－tors of liver function in cirrhosis patients.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the response control function of patients suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder（OCD）. Meth－ods：Twenty-one OCD patients and 23 healthy controls were enrolled. All patients and healthy controls performed the stop- signal task which provides the indications reflecting the ability of response inhibition：stop signal reaction time（SSRT） and no-signal reaction time（NSRT）. The results of the two groups were ana－lyzed and compared. Results：Both SSRT （376.20±71.92） ms and NSRT （804.33±07.82） ms of OCD group were significantly longer than those of control group （304.13±76.73） ms，（714.98±97.01） ms：t=3.206，P=0.003；t=2.894，P=0.006. After the removal of the influence of NSRT by covariance analysis，the significant difference of SSRT between the two group was still found：F=22.518，P=0.000. The stepwise multiple regression analysis was carried out for SSRT and the other indexes of the task and Y-BOCS score. Con－clusion：The ability of both response inhibition and response executive of OCD patients was significantly decreased.

Abstract:Objective：To compare the anatomic security of applying different numbers of screws at the sacrum sides in the anterior double plates fixation of the sacroiliac joint and to clarify which is safer when the stability of the fixation is considered. Methods：（1）Totally 15 normal cadavers pelvis were scanned by CT. Thin-section CT scan data were saved and analyzed by the software Materi－alise’s interactive medical image control system（MIMICS 10.0）. The virtual operations of the anterior double plates approach for fix－ation of the sacroiliac joint were performed in the same software. （2）The left sides of the sacroiliac joint were named as group A，in which two screws were placed into the sacrum sides. The right sides of the sacroiliac joint were named as group B，in which one screw was placed into the sacrum sides. The distances from the medial edge of the plates to the lateral sides of the anterior branches of lum－bar nerves 4，5 were measured. The relationship of the screws and the sacroiliac joint was checked by radiograph. Results：（1）In the virtual operations，the sacrum sides can accommodate two screws safely. （2）In group A，the distances from the medial edge of the up－per and lower plates to the lateral sides of the anterior branches of lumbar nerve 5 were （3.0±1.4） mm and （1.5±1.0） mm respec－tively. The upper and lower plates can be placed below the anterior branches of lumbar nerve 4 safely. In group B，the distances from the medial edge of the upper plates to the lateral sides of the anterior branches of lumbar nerves 4，5 were （5.0±1.1） mm and （10.3±1.3） mm respectively and those from the medial edge of the lower plates were （2.7±0.5） mm and （5.1±0.9） mm respec－tively. （3）In X-ray examination，no screw of the left upper plates was found in the sacroiliac joint in group A and 4 screws of the left lower plates were observed. On the other hand，no screw of the right plates （lower and upper） in the group B was found in the sacroil－iac joint. Conclusions：Two screws implanted into the sacrum side of the upper plate and one screw in the lower plate is applicable in the operation considering the stability of the sacroiliac joint fixation.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the curative effect of ectogenesis osteoinduction growth factor（ossotide for injection） in treatment of distal radius fracture. Methods：Totally 74 cases of distal radius fracture were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. Ossotide for injection（30 mg） was used in treatment group while calcium carbonate tablets were used in control group. Bone density，biochemical indicator of bone metabolism and fracture recovery were measured. Results：All cases were followed up for 6-8 months（7.1 months in average）. Serum bone alkaline phosphatase（BALP），procollagen typeⅠcarboxyterminal propeptide（PICP），bone gla protein（BGP） and bone density of healthy radius were significantly higher in treatment group than in control group at 2 months after treatment（P<0.05）. The average recovery time was （8.5±2.7） weeks in treatment group，significantly higher than that of （11.8±3.1） weeks in control groups. The effective rate was 85.3%，significantly higher than that of 28.9% in control group（P<0.05）. Con－clusions：Ossotide for injection can increase bone inducibility and bone mass and enhance fracture recovery for elderly patients.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the cause，clinical menifestation，diagnosis and treatment for ectopic appendicitis. Methods：To－tally 82 patients with ectopic appendicitis were derived from the second affiliated hospital of Chongqing medical university between December 2003 and October 2011. The clinical manifestation and experiences of diagnosis and treatment were summarized and ana－lyzed retrospectively. Results：Sixty-seven cases were correctly diagnosed before operation，11 cases were misdiagnosed and 4 cases had uncertain diagnosis. All patients were given the operation and were confirmed to be ectopic appendicitis during the operation. All patients were discharged successfully after the operation. Conclusions：The clinical manifestation of ectopic appedicitis is diversified，which can easily cause misdiagnosis. At the moment，ultrasonography is the preferred method in diagnosing ectopic appedicitis. La－paroscopic appendectomy has obviously superiority over the other treatments for ectopic appendicitis.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the feasibility，clinical outcome and resource utilization of transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus（PDA） in children. Methods：From March 2009 to September 2011，successful transcatheter implantation of the Amplatzer duct occluder（ADO） was performed in 443 children（218 males and 225 females）；the median age was 7.8 years old（0.6-13 years） and the median weight was 17.5 kg（5.3-48 kg）. All of them were confirmed with PDA by echocardiography without any other defects. Some patients with small PDA were closed with coils，some with medium or large PDA were treated with ADO，ADO-Ⅱ or ventricular septal defect（VSD） occluder. The devices were released by retrograde or antegrade way based on the configuration and size of PDA. Results：Successful implantation of the device was achieved in 431 patients（97.3%）. Acute aortic stenosis resulting in occluder removal occurred in 4 cases，3 cases gave up treatment due to left pulmonary branch arterial stenosis，5 cases（large PDA complicated with pulmonary hypertension） gave up treatment due to positive results of experimental occlusion. Median pulmonary artery pressure was 32.5 mmHg（23-67 mmHg） and Qp/Qs was 1.62（1.4-3.2）. Forty-five patients with diameter of PDA<2 mm were treated with coils，53 patients were closed with ADO-Ⅱ，12 patients with diameter of PDA>2 mm were treated with VSD occluder，the others were closed with ADO. Twenty-five（5.8%） patients had trivial residual leak postoperatively and the symptom disappeared in 18 of them after 1 month during the follow-up and the symptom disappeared in all patients after 3 months. Six patients（1.3%） had mild aortic stenosis，however，the pressure gradient was less than 10 mmHg and remained unchanged in the follow-up. Two patients（0.46%） had rhrombocytopenia postoperatively，recovered after being treated for two weeks and remained in stable condition in the follow-up. One patient was found with hemolysis. One patient was found with mild tricuspid regurgitation in the follow-up. Conclusions：PDA with different sizes and morphology can be treated with different kinds of occluders. Carefulness is needed during the operation to avoid the impairment of tricuspid valve. Some patients with large PDA may have complications of residual shunt，aortic stenosis and platelet changes，therefore，more attention should be paid to.

Abstract:Objective：To observe the effectiveness and safety of applying continuous epidural block combined with basal anesthesia in pediatric inguinal region operation. Methods：Totally 60 children requiring operation in inguinal region were randomly divided into group A and group B. Continuous epidural block anesthesia combined with basal anesthesia was used in group A while Ketamine in－tramuscular basal anesthesia combined with Ketamine and Midazolam intravenous anesthesia was applied in group B. Results：The operation was successful in both groups. The Ketamine dosage and adverse reaction in reviving period were better in group A than in group B with statistical significances（P＜0.01）. Conclusions：With advantages of quicker postoperative awaking time，lower cost and safety，pediatric continuous epidural block combined with basal anesthesia is worth popularizing.

Abstract:Objective：To analyze the postoperative curative effect on pelvic organ prolapse（POP） and the risk factors of postoperative recurrences and to assess the safety and effectiveness of traditional surgery and Prolift pelvic floor reconstruction. Methods：Retrospec－tive study and follow-up analysis were carried out in 98 patients with prolapsed pelvic organ who received the surgery at the first time from January 2008 to June 2009. The cure and recurrence were determined according to the follow-up results. Statistical analysis was conducted concerning the age，body mass index，maternal time，delivery mode，menopause condition，follow-up time，chronic diseases，indicators of the degree of preoperative uterine prolapse and the surgical approach between cure group and recurrence group. Results：The cure rate was 86.73%（85/98） and the recurrence rate was 13.27%（13/98）. There was no difference in the age，parity，chronic cough，constipation，prolapse of the uterus，body mass index，gravidity，follow-up time，delivery mode and the pre-menopause condi－tion between cure group and recurrence group. However，significant differences were observed in the operational approach between the traditional operation and Prolift pelvic floor reconstruction. Conclusions：Vaginal hysterectomy，anterior and posterior vaginal repair，perineal repair and other traditional surgery have higher recurrence rate. Prolift pelvic floor reconstruction can significantly reduce the recurrence rate，better repair the defects and restore the pelvic floor structures，therefore it is feasible and safe in light of the short-term efficacy.

Abstract:Objective：To study the efficacy and safety of Levetiracetam（Lev） monotherapy for different types of infantile epilepsy. Methods：Self controlled follow-up study was conducted for 56 patients with different types of infantile epilepsy using Lev oral monotherapy. Dose of Lev was initially 10 mg/（kg·d）（being administered two times a day），increased by 5-10 mg/（kg·d） every 3-7 d，maintained at 20-40 mg/（kg·d） and finally was increased to 35 mg/kg within 1-2 week. Efficacy and adverse reaction were observed after the treatment. Results：Complete seizure control was found in 29 cases，accounting for 51.78%；effective in 15 cases，accounting for 26.78%；invalid in 12 cases，accounting for 21.44%. Adverse reactions were mainly anorexia，lethargy，emotional rage and behavioral abnormality. Conclusions：Lev monotherapy is effective and safe in the treatment of different types of infantile epilepsy，especially for complex partial seizures and myoclonic seizures. With few adverse reactions，it is a good antiepileptic drug for epilepsy in infants and worth popularizing.