Abstract:Objective To study the association between autonomic dysfunction and the level of plasma norepineprine and acetylcholine in acute phase of cerebralhemorrhage patients.Methods To analyze 45 patients with initial cerebral hemorrhage in different sites and 38 healthy man.Fasting 3ml venous blood was taken and put in the anticoagulant tube precooled at the second and tenth days after admission. Centrifuged at 4 ℃, The supernatant was set below -70 ℃. To detect plasma norepineprine level with cerebral hemorrhage group and control group by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,and acetylcholine level by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;Recording autonomic dysfunction symptoms with patients;To evaluate cerebral infarction patients neurologic impairment by NIHSS.Results The level of plasma norepineprine

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ)agonist- Rosiglitazone(RTZ) on the cognition, Aβand Tau in the AD rats and explore its potential mechanisms involving attenuate learning and memory deficits.Methods: Rosiglitazone was administered in the rats which were treated with intracerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin (STZ) induced dementia model. On the 21st day from 1st STZ injection, spatial learning and memory of rats were tested in Morris water maze.The expression of IDE, glycogen synthase kinese-3β(GSK-3β),phospho-GSK-3β(pGSK-3β),Tau and phospho-tau(pTau) were measured by western-blot. Amyloid β-peptide(Aβ)40 and 42 levels in the brain of the AD rats were tested by immunohistochemistry.Results: AD rats administered rosiglitazone exhibited better spatial learning and memory abilities and had lower Aβlevels than untreated AD rats(p<0.05). Rosiglitazone attenuated reduction in insulin-degrading enzyme and reduced GSK-3β activity(p<0.05).Conclusion: RTZ-mediated cognitive improvement of AD rats does correlate with the expression of IDE and GSK-3β.

Abstract:Frontotemporal Dementia(FTD) is a disease characterized by changes in behavior, erosion of personal relationships and aphasia. Pathologically, it is also named by Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD). In recent years, along with the continuous development and improvement of science and experimental technology, there has been lots of new progress of FTD in every aspect.The latest research progresses on Neuropathology, medical imageology and the clinical diagnosis and treatment are reviewed in this paper.

Abstract:This paper expounded the classification and functions of monoamine，monoamine oxidase（MAO） and its inhibitors. It sum－marized and discussed on the relationship between MAO and diseases as well as researched on MAO-A inhibitors and MAO-B in－hibitors.

Abstract:Objective：To construct a screening model for monoamine oxidase（MAO） inhibitors in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Methods：Benzylamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine（5-HT） were used as MAO-B and reaction substrates and their activities were measured by UV spectrophotometry，respectively. MAO concentration，substrate concentration，phosphate buffer concentration and pH，reaction time and temperature were optimized. Results：The optimized reaction system conditions were obtained as follows：under the conditions of enzyme pre-incubation time of 20 min and reaction time of 60 min at the temperature of 37 ℃，optimum con－dition for determination of MAO-B activity was 100 mmol/L phosphate buffer（pH 7.6） and 0.15 mg/ml MAO and 2.00 mmol/L ben－zylamine，optimum condition for determination of MAO-A activity was 100 mmol/L phosphate buffer（pH 7.4） and 0.40 mg/ml MAO and 5.00 mmol/L 5-HT. Conclusions：A screening model for monoamine oxidase inhibitors in vitro is constructed successfully. Due to its low cost and simple operation，it is suitable for large-scale screening MAO-B and MAO-A inhibitors.

Abstract:Objective：To design and synthesize 1，2，3，4-tetrahydroisoquinolines and to determine its inhibition effect on monoamine oxidase（MAO）. Methods：1-aminomethyl-1，2，3，4-tetrahydroisoquinoline was synthesized from phenylethylamine via acylation，ami－nation with phthalimide potassium，bisehler-napieralski cyclization，hydrazinolysis and reduction reaction. Then the title compounds were synthesized.Results：Four compounds with tetrahydroisoquinoline moiety were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy，nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Pharmacological test in vitro showed that all the five compounds had certain MAO inhibitory activity，and compound（5~7） displayed preferable selective inhibition on MAO-A. Conclusion：The obtained compounds（5~7） need further study.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the inhibition of rasagiline on monoamine oxidase（MAO） in mouse liver and brain tissues. Methods：After being extracted by differential centrifugation，activities of MAO-A and MAO-B in mouse liver and brain tissues were determined by UV spectrophotometry respectively. Results：Inhibition effect of rasagiline was stronger on MAO-B than on MAO-A and inhibition effect of rasagiline was stronger in the brain than in the liver. Conclusion：Rasagiline exerts selective inhibition effects on MAO-B in mouse liver and brain tissues.

Abstract:Objective：To design a method for synthesizing 1，2，3，4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenamine hydrochloride，which is an impor－tant intermediate for monoamine oxidase（MAO） inhibitors. Methods：1，2，3，4-tetrahydro-1-naphthylamine hydrochloride（11） was synthesized from benzene via acylation，reduction，cyclization，condensation，reduction，and salification by methods of Fridel Crafts acylation，Ｗolf-kishner-HUANG Minglong reduction and Harwoth cyclization. Results：Overall yield for synthesizing 1，2，3，4-te－trahydro-1-naphthylamine hydrochloride（11） was 43.6%. Conclusions：Method for synthesizing 1，2，3，4-tetrahydro-1-naphthale－namine hydrochloride is establish. Optimized synthetic route has advantages in industrial production for its cheap and readily available raw materials，easy in operation，high yield and high quality of products.

Abstract:Frontotemporal dementia（FTD） is a disease characterized by changes in behavior，erosion of personal relationship and aphasia. Pathologically，it is also named as frontotemporal lober degeneration. In recent years，along with the continuous development and improvement of science and experimental technology，lots of new progresses of FTD were made in every aspect. The latest research progresses in neuropathology，medical image，clinical diagnosis and treatment were reviewed in this paper.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the role of Caspase-12 expression and cytochrome-C（Cyto-C） release in oligodendrocyte apoptosis induced by compressed spinal cord injury（CSCI）. Methods：CSCI model was established with a self-made device. Oligodendrocyte apoptosis was determined by TdT mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling staining at 1，3，7 d after compression. Cyto-C release and Caspase-12 expressions were detected by Western blot. Results：Numbers of oligodendrocyte apoptosis in different groups were differ－ent（F=30.946，P=0.000）. Numbers of oligodendrocyte apoptosis in 1，3，7 d groups were more than those in control group according to LSD-t（P=0.000）. Numbers of oligodendrocyte apoptosis in 7 d group reached the maximum compared with those in control group，1 d group and 3 d group，with statistically significant differences among groups（P=0.000）. Both expressions of Caspase-12 and releases of Cyto-C in different groups were different（F=1 402.646 and 326.638 respectively，P=0.000）. Expressions of Caspase-12 and releas－es of Cyto-C in 1，3，7 d groups were more than those in control group according to LSD-t（P=0.000）. Expressions of Caspase-12 and releases of Cyto-C in 7 d group reached the maximum compared with those in control group，1 d group and 3 d group，with statistically significant differences among groups（P=0.000）. Conclusions：Oligodendrocyte apoptosis after CSCI is associated with enhanced expressions of Caspase-12 and releases of Cyto-C.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effects of Yangxueqingnao granule on expressions of nuclear factor-κBp65（NF-κBp65），in－terleukin-6（IL-6） and neurofilament protein-200（NF-200） in cortex and neurological function after focal cerebral ischemia reperfu－sion injury in rats. Methods:Seventy-two SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group（S group），cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group（I/R group），normal saline control group（I/R+C group） and Yangxueqingnao granule treated group（I/R+YXQ group）. Neurological function was measured using Montoya staircase test. Changes in expressions of NF-κBp65 and IL-6 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot，respectively. NF-200 immunohistochemical staining was used to evaluate axonal regener－ation. Results：At the 2nd d after ischemia reperfusion，expressions of NF-κBp65 and IL-6 in ischemic cortex were significantly in－creased（P<0.001），while those of NF-200 were significantly decreased in I/R group（P<0.001）. Expressions of NF-κBp65 and IL-6 were lower in IR+YXQ group than in I/R group（P<0.001）. At the 2nd week after ischemia reperfusion，expressions of NF-200 positive cells in I/R+YXQ group were increased compared with those in the I/R group（P<0.001） and behavioral tests showed no difference in neurological improvement（P=0.178）. Conclusions：Yangxueqingnao granule can improve neurological function recovery after focal cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury in rats，which may be associated with the inhibition of inflammation reactions.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate effects of over-expressed SorLA on β-amyloid（Aβ） in Alzheimer’s disease and to reveal the relation between SorLA expressions and the total amount of Aβ. Methods：Western blot was used to analyze the levels of SorLA protein in brain tissue. Human embryonic kidney cells（HEK-293） were transfected with the plasmids carrying the SorLA interfered by SorLA cDNA（screened by G418） and expression levels of amyloid precursor protein（APP） were analyzed by Western blot. Levels of Aβ were measured by ELISA. Results：（1）Western blot showed that levels of APP were significantly reduced in the over-expression Sor－LA transfected group than in control group. （2）ELISA showed that the total amount of Aβ was reduced by（21.6±12.1）％ obviously（P<0.01）. Conclusions：Total amount of Aβ is directly affected by levels of SorLA protein and they are negatively correlated.

Abstract:Objective：To research whether catalpol affect anxious behaviors and neurons in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice. Methods：Three-month old APP/PS1 double transgenic mice were randomly divided into catalpol-treated and saline-treated groups（n=10）. 5 mg/（kg·d） of catalpol and the same amount of saline were peritoneally injected into Alzheimer’s disease（AD） model mice for 3 weeks. Elevated plus-maze test was performed to test autono-mous behaviors of AD model mice；immunohistochemical staining and Western blot were used to detect number of neurons and expressions of NeuN and PSD95 in the brain of mice. Results：Compared with those of saline-treated AD model mice，open arm entries（P=0.000 2，t=4.742） and open arm time（P=0.001，t=3.936） catalpol－treated AD mice were significantly decreased（P=0.028 4，t=2.872），number of neurons were significantly increased（P=0.028 4，t=2.872） and expressions PSD95 were also increased（P=0.002，t=5.265）. Conclusions：Catalpol can significantly reduce anxious behav－iors，which shows that catalpol may exert its neuroprotection through suppressing the wide loss of neurons and synapses in the brain of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice.

Abstract:Objective：To explore how inflammatory factors and apoptotic cells regulate central nervous system（CNS） antigen-present－ing cells（APCs） related cytokine-interleukin-27（IL-27） expression in inflammation. Methods：qRT-PCR was used to measure and compare IL-27 p28 mRNA relative expression in mice microglia cells and bone marrow derived dendritic cells（BMDCs），treated with lipopolysaccharide（LPS），interferon-γ（IFN-γ） and X-ray induced apoptotic cells. Western blot was performed to detect IL-27 ex－pression in different stimuli groups. Results：Expressions of IL-27 p28 mRNA and IL-27 were up-regulated when microglia cells and BMDCs being treated with LPS and increased expressions of IL-27 p28 and IL-27 were in relation with LPS dosages. Expressions of IL-27 p28 mRNA and IL-27 were significantly up-regulated when microglia cells and BMDCs being treated with IFN-γ plus LPS（microglia cells：PLPS 0.50 μg/ml=0.029，PLPS+IFN-γ=4×10-7；BMDCs：P0.50 μg/ml=0.021，PLPS+IFN-γ=8×10-7）. Expressions of IL-27 p28 mRNA and IL-27 were significantly down-regulated when microglia cells and BMDCs being pre-treated with apoptotic cells（microglia cells：PLPS+apoptotic cells=1.2×10-4，PIFN-γ+LPS+apoptotic cells=1×10-7；BMDCs：PLPS+apoptotic cells=3×10-4，PIFN-γ+LPS+apoptotic cells=2×10-7）. Conclusions：LPS and IFN-γ can up-regulate IL-27 expression in CNS APCs. IL-27 expression is suppressed when CNS APCs phagocytosis of apoptotic cells.

Abstract:Objective：To establish the amygdala-kindling epilepsy rat model，to measure the expression of synaptophysin-1（SYN-1) and to explore the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Methods：Totally 140 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into epilepsy group（n=60），drug treatment group（n=60） and sham operation group（n=20）. Amygdala-kindling epilepsy model and levetiracetam treatment model were established. Expressions of SYN-1 at different time points were determined by real-time PCR and absorbance of immunoreaction was detected. Results：Expression of SYN-1and positive cell rate was the lowest in epilepsy-one-week group and was the highest in epilepsy-eight-week group，with statistical differences among groups（P<0.05）. There were statistical difference in epilepsy-eight-week group before and after drug treatment；spontaneous seizure was observed in rats at 14 d after drug treatment. Conclusions：SYN-1 is closely related with synaptic formation and reconstruction. Expression of SYN-1 is higher in epilepsy-eight-week group than in sham operation group，suggesting that SYN- 1 may be involved in the maintenance of epilepsy at chronic stage.

Abstract:Objective：To observe the expression of matrix metalloproteinases-2（MMP-2） in the cortex and hippocampus of LiCl-pilo－carpine induced mice status epilepticus（SE） and to explore the role of MMP-2 in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Methods：Totally 48 adult male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Intraperitoneal injection of the lithium chloride and pilocarpine was applied in experimental mice of epilepsy to induce seizures and animal specimens were made for testing at 8 h after SE. MMP-2 mRNA contents were determined by RT-PCR，MMP-2 protein expressions were detected by Western blot and distribution and characteristics of MMP-2 in hippocampus and cortex were detected by immunohistochemical method. Results：①mRNA expressions of MMP-2 in control group and experimental group were 0.155 5±0.018 1 and 0.743 1±0.014 4 respectively in hippocampus and were 0.204 9±0.018 5 and 0.871 6±0.037 0 respectively in cortex. mRNA expressions of MMP-2 in the hippocam－pus and cortex of experimental mice were significantly higher compared with those in control group（t=-45.60，P=0.000；t=-71.83，P=0.000）. ②Protein expressions of MMP-2 in control group and experimental group were 0.084 5±0.009 6 and 0.728 4±0.245 1 re－spectively in hippocampus and were 0.155 6±0.003 9 and 0.912 5±0.027 7 respectively in cortex. Protein expressions of MMP-2 in hippocampus and cortex of experimental mice were significantly higher compared with those in control group（t=-76.52，P=0.000；t=-6.99，P=0.000）. ③Immunohistochemical results showed that the MMP-2 was widely expressed in cortex in experimental group. MMP-2 expression was increased in hippocampus，mainly in the CA1，dentate gyrus and CA3 region. Conclusions：mRNA and protein expressions of MMP-2 in the hippocampus and cortex of mice are significantly increased after SE，mainly in CA1，dentate gyrus and CA3 region，which indicats that MMP-2 has close relationship with occurrence and process of epilepsy.

Abstract:Objective：To observe the effects of supplementing calcium and vitamin D on learning and memorizing abilities of senescence accelerated mouse P8（SAMP8）. Methods：Totally 27 three-month-old male SAMP8 were randomly divided into 3 groups：caltrate D group（n=9），nimodipine group（n=9） and non-treatment SAMP8 group；9 SAMR1 of the same age were used as normal controls（SAMR1 group）. After 12 weeks of treatment，aging status was evaluated for each group with the scores of aging scale；the learning and memory were tested through Morris water maze. Results：（1）Based on the aging scale，scores were significantly lower in caltrate D group，nimodipine group and SAMR1 group than in non-treatment SAMP8 group（P<0.05）；there was no staitical difference among caltrate D group，nimodipine group and SAMR1 group（P >0.05）. （2）According to Morris water maze，latency in caltrate D group and nimodipine group was significantly shorter compared with that in non-treatment SAMP8 group（P<0.05），but was significa-ntly longer compared with that in SAMR1 group（P<0.05），there was no statistical difference between caltrate D group and nimodipine group（P >0.05）. Result of spatial probe test showed that the number of crossing through the platform was increased in caltrate D group and nimodipine group than in non-treatment SAMP8 group，which implied that the ability of memory retention of caltrate D group and nimodipine group was improved significantly compared with that of non-treatment SAMP8 group（P<0.05）. Conclusions：Supplementing of calcium and vitamin D can alleviate aging and improve learning and memorizing abilities in SAMP8 mice，similar to the effects of applying calcium channel blocker nimodipine. This study suggests that the prevention of calcium metabolic disorder can decrease aging and promote learning and memorizing abilities in SAMP8 mice，indicating calcium metabolic disorder may underlie the pathophysiology of deteriorated learning and memorizing abilities in SAMP8.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ（PPARγ） agonist-rosiglitazone（RTZ） on the cognition，amyloid β-peptide（Aβ） and Tau in the Alzheimer’s disease（AD） rats and to explore its potential mechanisms of at－tenuating learning and memory deficits. Methods：Dementia model was established by treating rats with intracerebroventricular strepto－zotocin injection. RTZ was administered to rats in dementia model. On the 21st d from the 1st STZ injection，spatial learning and memory of rats were tested in Morris water maze. Expressions of insulin-degrading enzyme（IDE），glycogen synthase kinase-3β（GSK-3β），phospho-GSK-3β（pGSK-3β），Tau and phospho-Tau（pTau） were measured by Western blot. Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in the brain of AD rats were tested by immunohistochemistry. Results：AD rats administrating RTZ exhibited better spatial learning and memory abilities（P<0.001） and had lower Aβ levels than untreated AD rats. Western blot demonstrated that RTZ decreased IDE ex－pression（P=0.028），GSK-3β activity（P=0.012） and pTau level（P=0.001）. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated that RTZ re－duced Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in the cerebral cortex. Conclusions：RTZ-mediated cognitive improvement of AD rats does corre－late with the expression of IDE and GSK-3β.

Abstract:Objective：To study risk factors of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage（subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by intracranial aneurysms，aSAH） and to explore their relationship with clinical prognosis in order to provide references in clinics. Methods：Clini－cal data of 87 cases of aSAH from January 2007 to December 2009 in department of neurology were collected and statistical analysis was made on patients’ general information，characteristics of aneurysm and APACHEⅡ scores. Results：Single factor analysis showed that patients’age，aneurysm size，multiple aneurysms or not，blood pressure，cerebral vasospasm，rebleeding，APACHEⅡscore，Hunt-Hess classification were significantly correlated with clinical prognosis. Logistic regression showed that aneurysm size，cerebral va－sospasm，rebleeding，APACHEⅡscore，Hunt-Hess classification were significantly correlated with prognosis of aSAH. Conclusions：Patients’ aneurysm size，cerebral vasospasm，rebleeding，APACHEⅡ score and Hunt-Hess classification are significantly correlated with prognosis of aSAH；the predication of these indicators is of great importance in reducing mortality and morbidity of aSAH.

Abstract:Objective：To study the correlation between autonomic neurological dysfunction and levels of plasma norepineprine（NE） and acetylcholine（Ach） in patients with cerebral hemorrhage at acute phase. Methods：Totally 45 patients with initial cerebral hemor－rhage in different sites and 38 healthy man were enrolled. Fasting 3 ml venous blood was taken and put in the anticoagulant tube pre－cooled at the 2 nd and 10 th d after admission. Centrifuged at 4 ℃，the supernatant was set below -70 ℃. Plasma NE levels of cere－bral hemorrhage group and control group were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and Ach levels by ELISA. Symptoms of autonomic neurological dysfunction were recorded. Autonomic symptom profile（ASP） was used to evaluate hemmorrhage group and control group. Degrees of neurologic impairment were evaluated by national institutes of health stroke scale（NIHSS）. Re－sults：Levels of plasma NE were significantly higher in cerebral hemorrhage group[（1.71±0.25） ng/ml and （1.53±0.26） ng/ml] than in control group[（0.54±0.13） ng/ml] at the 2 nd and 10 th d after admission（P=0.006，P=0.003），whereas，levels of plasma Ach [（76.88±12.38） ng/L and （71.75±12.73） ng/L] were significantly decreased in cerebral hemorrhage group than in control group [（105.61±14.27） ng/L] with statistical differences（P=0.005，P=0.008）. There was no significant difference in levels of plasma NE and Ach between at the 2nd d and the 10 th d（P=0.054，P =0.342）. ASP scores were significantly increased in hemorrhage group than in control group at the 2nd d and the 10 th d（P=0.002，P=0.01）. Statistical correlations between ASP scores and levels of plasma NE and Ach were existed（r=0.770，P=0.042；r=-0.868，P=0.011）. NIHSS scores were significantly lower at the10 th d than at the 2nd d（P=0.008，t=5.91）. Conclusions：Levels of plasma NE are significantly increased and plasma Ach are obviously decreased in patients with cerebral hemorrhage at acute phase. Changes in levels of plasma NE and Ach are related with autonomic neurological dysfunction.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the correlation between apolipoprotein E gene（APOE） promoter polymorphisms and cerebral vasospasm（CVS） after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage（SAH）. Methods：One hundred and one patients with spontaneous SAH were selected in this study. Venous blood samples and clinical data of patients were collected. APOE promoter polymorphisms of all patients were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Degrees of CVS after SAH were de－termined by transcranial Doppler. APOE promoter polymorphisms and clinical data of CVS after SAH were analyzed by χ2 test and Logistic regression. Results：In all patients，incidence of CVS in -219T group was significantly higher than that in -219G group（P=0.024）. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses also showed that promoter -219T was a risk factor of CVS incidence. Conclusion：-219T alleles in APOE promoter region is the risk factor of CVS after spontaneous SAH.

Abstract:Objective：To explore expressions of platelet activator combined-1（PAC-1） and P-selectin（CD62p） in patients with acute cerebral infarction（ACI） at different degrees. Methods：Totally 287 patients with ACI from October 2008 to October 2011 were divid－ed into lacunar infarction group（n=76），small volume ACI group（n=125） and large volume ACI group（n=86）；50 health volunteer were served as control group. Levels of PAC-1 and CD62p were detected by flow cytometry. Results：Levels of PAC-1 and CD62p were increased in ACI group（46.9 mg/L，28.4 ng/L） than in control group（29.6 mg/L，10.3 ng/L）with significant differences（t=2.042，P=0.044；t=2.137，P=0.038）. Levels of PAC-1 and CD62p were significantly different among three groups（F=7.32，P=0.046；F=5.38，P=0.043）. Levels of PAC-1 and CD62p were significantly different between small volume ACI group（39.9 mg/L，24.5 ng/L） and la－cunar infarction group（45.9 mg/L，29.1 ng/L）（SNK-q＝4.417，4.129；P＝0.031，0.037）. Levels of PAC-1 and CD62p were significantly different between large volume ACI group（53.9 mg/L，33.8 ng/L） and small volume ACI group and lacunar infarction group（SNK-q＝4.216，4.022；P=0.039，0.042）. Conclusions：Significant expressions of PAC-1 and CD62p in patients with ACI can be used to detect the degrees of ACI and are of great importance in preventing and monitoring diseases development.

Abstract:Objective：To develop an in vitro peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor（PPAR）γ ligand screening system for identify－ing novel compounds with PPARγ agonist activity. Methods：Human PPARγ plasmid（pIRES2-PPARγ），firefly luciferase reporter plasmid（pPPRE×3-TK-Luciferase） and an internal reference plasmid（pRL-TK）were cotransfected into HEK293 cells by using LipofectamineTM 2000，and the optimal ratio of three plasmids was determined. Luciferase expression intensity was determined to assess the PPARγ agonist activity after the potential ligand being added to cotransfected HEK293 cells. Specificity of the model was exam－ined by treatment of PPARγ agonist and PPARγ specific antagonist and several nuclear receptor agonists and PPARα agonist；re－peatability was also determined by Z’ value and time characteristics of PPAR agonist action was observed. Results：PPARγ plasmid，reporter gene vector and internal control plasmid ratio of 2∶6∶1 was proved to be suitable for highest relative luciferase activity. PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone can significantly increase the relative luciferase activity and co-treatment with PPARγ specific antago－nist GW9662 resulted in significantly reduced expressions of luciferase and increased relative luciferase activity in the HEK293 cells in a time dependent manner. Dexamethasone，all-trans retinoic acid，17β-estradiol and fenobrate did not alter the relative luciferase activity. Value of Z’ was 0.70 after repeating experiments for 9 times. Conclusions：An in vitro PPARγ agonist screening system is developed with acceptable specificity and repeatability. The model can be used for PPARγ partial agonist screening from synthetic or natural compounds.

Abstract:Objective：To construct the recombinant adenovirus vector containing mouse CD200 gene and to detect its expression in mice pancreas endothelial cells（mile sven 1，MS1）. Methods：mCD200 gene was subcloned into the shuttle plasmid pYr-adshuttle-4 and recombinant plasmid pYr-ads-4-mCD200 was acquired. After that mCD200 mRNA expression frame was transfered to pAd/PL-DEST adenovirus vector via LR（attL×attR） in vitro homologous recombination from pYr-ads-4-mCD200. Recombinant adenovirus plasmid was digested by PacⅠand transfected into HEK 293 cells and packaged out recombinant adenovirus rAd-4-mCD200，which was identified by digestion and PCR analysis. Virus titer was measured by the tissue cell infectious dosage 50（TCID50） method. Meanwhile，adenovirus was amplified in HEK 293 cells and used to infect MS1 cells. Expression of mCD200 gene was measured by fluorescence microscope and real-time PCR. Results：PCR identification demonstrated the construction of recombinant adenovirus car－rying rAd-4-mCD200 was successful and its titer was about 109-1010 pfu/ml after amplification. Through the fluorescence microscope and real-time PCR，recombinant adenoviral vector of mCD200 gene was constructed successfully in the MS1 cells. Conclusions：MS1 cells infected by constructed adenovirus vector rAd-4-mCD200 could express mCD200 successfully and may provide the foundation for the next step to carry out the CD200 gene immunosuppression regulation and other related study.

Abstract:Objective：To discuss the feasibility of easy identification of cerebral spinal fluid leak with micro sample through self con－trol study. Methods：Totally 44 cerebral spinal fluid samples were collected. Olympus au2700 automatic biochemical analyzer and Johnson onetouch ultral blood glucose monitoring system were used to detect their glucose content respectively and to analyze their relationship. Results：There was a positive linear correlation between the outcomes of Olympus au2700 automatic biochemical analyzer and Johnson onetouch ultral glucose monitoring system（r=0.97，P<0.05）. Whereas the mean value of the Johnson onetouch ultral group was significantly higher than that of Olympus au2700 group（t=14.14，P<0.05）. After a proper calibration of linear regression square（GJP=0.65GJ+0.21），there was no significant statistical discrepancy between the two groups（t=0.01，P >0.05）. The average error of using Johnson onetouch ultral blood glucose monitoring system to detect the glucose content of cerebral spinal fluid was 0.12 mmol/L，with an accuracy of 95.7%. Conclusions：Johnson onetouch ultral blood glucose monitoring system，when used properly and followed with correct adjustment，can detect the glucose content of cerebral spinal fluid accurately in less than five seconds with just 0.05 ml sample，making the qualitative diagnosis of cerebral spinal fluid fast and easy and providing a new method in the diagnosis of cerebral spinal fluid leakage.

Abstract:Objective：To build one-lung ventilation（OLV) induced acute lung injury（ALI） rabbit model by combining right mainstem bronchial intubation with parasternal fenestration. Methods：Totally 24 healthy Japanese white rabbits were randomized into 4 groups （n=6）：sham operated group（S group），two-lung ventilation（TLV） group（T group），TLV with parasternal fenestration group（TＰF group） and one-lung ventilation group（O group）. Lung injury was judged by polymorphonuclear leukocyte（PMN） count in bron－choalveolar lavage fluid（BALF），myeloperoxidase（MPO） content in pulmonary tissues，lung wet/dry（W/D） ratio and pulmonary histo－logical score. Results：Compared with those in S group，all indicators mentioned above were increased significantly in O group，T group and TF group（P<0.05）. No difference was observed between T group and TF group，but all indicators in the two groups were lower than those in O group（P<0.05）. Conclusions：Combining right mainstem bronchial intubation with parasternal fenestration is a simple and reliable method to build rabbit model of OLV induced ALI.

Abstract:Objective：To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of laparoscopic cholecystectomy（LC） combined with either intra-op－erative or preoperative endoscopic sphincterotomy（IOES or POES） in the treatment of cholecysto-choledocholithiasis. Methods：Cochrane Library，PubMed，EMbase and CBM data bases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials（RCTs） published between May 1990 and May 2012 in which the effectiveness of LC+IOES was compared with that of LC+POES. Meta analysis was performed using the software RevMan5.0. Results：Five RCTs with 631 patients were included. Meta analysis revealed that compared with those of LC+POES，LC+IOES significantly reduced the postoperative complication rate of endoscopic retrograde cholangio pan－creatography/sphincterotomy（ERCP/S）（RR=0.46，95%CI（0.24，0.88），P=0.02），especially that of acute pancreatitis（RR=0.21，95%CI（0.06，0.71），P=0.01）；shorten hospital duration（WMD=-2.13，95%CI（-2.70，-1.56），P<0.000 01） and reduced hospitalization cost（WMD=-352.61，95%CI（-637.18，-68.03），P=0.02）. There was no difference between the two groups regarding the successful rate of surgery（RR=1.00，95%CI（0.94，1.07），P=0.99）. Conclusion：LC+IOES is effective and safe in the treatment of cholecysto-choledo－cholithiasis and worth clinical promotion

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate on safety and immunogenicity of domestic varicella vaccine among Chinese population. Methods：The published studies related to safety and immunogenicity of varicella vaccine between January 1996 and June 2010 were searched，sup－plementing by handwork retrieval，search on the internet and references track. Studies were included in the review if they were ran－domized controlled trials（RCTs） between domestic and imported varicella vaccine or among different brands of domestic varicella vac－cines. Statistical analyses were conducted by using RevMan 5.0 software. Results：Seven RCTs were included，among which there are 5 Rcts between domestic and imported varicella vaccine and 3 Rcts among different brands of domestic varicella vaccines. Between domestic and imported vaccine，Meta analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the local reaction inci－dences with OR being 0.74 and 95%CI ranging from 0.37 to 1.49（Z=0.83，P=0.40），there was no statistically significant difference in the systemic fever reaction incidence with OR being 2.34 and 95%CI ranging from 1.5 to 3.64（Z=3.75，P=0.000 2），there was no sta－tistically significant difference in the other systemic reaction incidences with OR being 0.56 and 95%CI ranging from 0.18 to 1.70（Z=1.03，P=0.30）. Among different brands of domestic vaccines，there was no statistically significant difference in the local reaction incidences with OR being 0.91 and 95%CI ranging from 0.43 to 1.91（Z=0.26，P=0.80），there was no statistically significant difference in the systemic fever reaction incidences with OR being 0.80 and 95%CI ranging from 0.59 to 1.08（Z=1.44，P=0.15），there was no sta－tistically significant difference in the other systemic reaction incidences with OR being 0.89 and 95%CI ranging from 0.50 to 1.59（Z=0.40，P=0.69）. Between domestic and imported vaccine，there was no statistically significant difference in the serum antibody se－roconversion incidences with OR being 1.41 and 95%CI rang－ing from 0.69 to 2.87（Z=0.94，P=0.35）. Among different brands of domestic vaccines，there was no statistically significant differ－ence in the serum antibody seroconversion incidenecs with OR being 3.41 and 95%CI ranging from 0.82 to 14.19（Z=1.68，P=0.09）. Conclusions：Domestic varicella vaccine has the same immune effect as imported varicella vaccine. In respect of immune safety，be－sides higher incidences of systemic fever reaction，other local or systemic reactions of domestic varicella vaccine are good. There is no statistical significance in safety and immunogenicity between domestic varicella vaccines. Domestic varicella vaccine can be regarded as the candidate vaccine for children in respect of its effectiveness，safety and cost-saving.

Abstract:Objective：To assess the efficacy and safety of continuous heparin infusion to prevent catheter occlusion in neonates with peripherally inserted central catheter（PICC）. Methods：Main databases at home and abroad were searched electronically or by hand，the relevant references of selected literatures were looked up and randomized controlled trials（RCTs），comparing heparin with placebo or blank control in neonates with PICC were collected. Quality assessment was conducted based on the methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration and Meta analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1 software. Results：Four RCTs（including 716 participants） were identified；three RCTs were designed as heparin group vs. blank group and one trial as heparin group vs. placebo group. Results of Meta analysis demonstrated that the incidence of catheter occlusion was lower and duration of catheters patency was longer in hep－arin group than in control group（RR 0.47，95%CI（0.24，0.94），P=0.03）（RR 2.09，95%CI（1.21，2.97），P<0.000 01），but there was no statistical difference in the risk of mortality，catheter related sepsis and adverse events between the two groups. Conclusions：Continu－ous heparin infusion can prevent catheter occlusion and lengthen the duration of catheters patency in neonates with PICC，but present trials are not powered enough to evaluate the incidence rates of adverse events.