Abstract:Objective：To explore the disease constitution and some related characteristics of gynecological diseases by analyzing 3 974 hospitalized cases of hysterectomy and extended or radical hysterectomy. Methods：A retrospective analysis including disease constitution，average age，disease prognosis，wound healing，average length of stay and average cost，was done on 3 974 hospitalized cases of hysterectomy and extended or radical hysterectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2007 to 2011. Results：Number of hospitalized cases and surgical operations in the department of gynecology in the hospital was increased year by year，but percentage of hysterectomy and extended or radical hysterectomy was declined to some different degrees. Among the 3 974 patients，average age was （47.96±9.65） years old，average length of stay was （12.77±7.55） d and average hospitalization cost was （14 303.70±7 939.39）. Cure rate was 80.9%，improvement rate was 17.8%，wound healing rate（A level） was 96.4% and wound heal－ing rate（B level） was 1.9%. The top five diseases were uterus myoma（31.38%），uterine malignant tumors（15.02%），uterine gland muscle sickness（11.55%），benign ovarian tumors（8.28%） and ovarian malignant tumor（7.02%）. Conclusions：Due to the improve－ment in diagnosis and treatment the concept and technology for gynecological disease，percentage of hysterectomy and extended or radical hysterectomy is decreased year by year，however，percentage of minimally invasive and noninvasive treatment is increased year by year.

Abstract:Objective：To review the progress in the relationship between miR-130，miR-130b and tumor. Methods：Literatures pub－lished between January 1993 to December 2013 in Pubmed and CNKI data-base were searched using ‘microRNA，miR-130a，miR-130b and tumor’ as key words. Retrieval criteria：1）the progress of microRNA in tumor research；2）miR-130a；3）miR-130b；4） tumor. A total of 47 articles were included. Results：miR-130a and miR-130b were two highly homologous microRNAs，which regulated the expression of target genes through translational repression or mRNA degradation. The aberrant expression of miR-130a/b were involved in proliferation，apoptosis，metastasis and drug resistance of various tumor cells. Conclusions：miR-130a/b can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors relating to the initiation and development of tumors，which may provide new perspective for the treatment of mul－tidrug resistance in tumors.

Abstract:MicroRNAs（miRs） are noncoding small RNAs，being single strand in the mature form，which negatively regulate gene expression at the translational level. Recent studies have showed that circulating free miRs will probably play an important role in diagnosing colorectal cancer（CRC）. CRC patients have a specific expression profile of circulating free miRs，among which miR-18a，miR-21，miR-29a，and miR-92a have a potential di－agnostic value for CRC respectively. Moreover，miR-7 may distinguish patients of CRC at early stage from healthy individuals. These significant findings suggest that circulating free miRs are potential molecular diagnostic biomarkers of CRC.

Abstract:Molecular mechanism of tumor resistance is very complex including abnormality of chromosome and gene expression，decrease of intracellular drug accumulation，enhancement of DNA damage and repair function，increase of cell detoxification function，disturbance of apoptosis signal-transduction and abnormality of apoptosis inhibitor. Among them，apoptosis and survival related cell signal pathways are the hotspots now. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） signal pathway is one of the hotspots. One of the important MAPK signal pathways is JNK signal pathway. This review summarized the relationship between JNK and cell apoptosis as well as the function of JNK in tumor resistance.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the relationship between tumor necrosis factor-β（TNF-β）gene +252 A/G polymorphism and suscep－tibility of gastric cancer. Methods：Case-control studies about TNF-β gene +252 A/G polymorphism and susceptibility of gastric cancer were searched from PubMed，Ovid，Springer，CBM，CNKI and Wan fang databases between establishment of databases and June 2013. According to the self-designed inclusion and exclusion criteria，data were extracted and quality of included studies was evaluated. Meta analysis was conducted by using Review Manager 5.2 and Stata 12.0 software with stability being evaluated by both stratified analysis and sensitivity analysis. Moreover，Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s regression were used to assess the published bias of articles. Results：Sixteen case-control studies were included including 2 538 cases and 3 908 controls. Meta analysis showed that in each genetic model，no significant difference was found in the correlation between TNF-β gene +252 A/G polymorphism and gastric cancer：codominant genetic model（G/G vs. A/A）：OR and 95%CI：0.95（0.76，1.20）；dominant genetic model（（A/G+G/G） vs. A/A）：OR and 95%CI：1.09（0.91，1.32）；recessive genetic model（G/G vs. （A/G+A/A））：OR and 95%CI：0.88（0.72，1.07）；allele genetic model（G vs. A）：OR and 95%CI：1.00（0.90，1.11）.（G/G，G/A，A/A respectively represent the genotype）. There was no statis－tical significance in racial subgroup analysis. Conclusions：TNF-β +252 A/G polymorphism is not significantly related with gastric cancer. The conclusion is limited by the quality and number of included studies. Large-scale studies are needed in the further.

Abstract:Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center；Teaching and Research Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology，College of Basic Medicine，Chongqing Medical University

Abstract:Objective：To identify the differentially expressed microRNAs（miRNAs） in human colorectal cancer tissues and to make further study on the function of miRNA in pathogenesis and development mechanism of colorectal cancer. Methods：Total RNA was extracted from 10 samples fresh colorectal cancer tissues and normal adjacent tissues and the differentially expressed miRNAs were detected by miRNA array. Real-time PCR was applied to verify the reliability of miRNA array results. Results：miRNA array results showed that 32 miRNAs were up-regulated more than 2.3 folds and 10 miRNAs were down-regulated more than 2 folds in colorectal cancer tissues compared with those in normal adjacent colorectal tissues. And the real-time PCR results were in accordance with the miRNA array results. Conclusion：The miRNA differential expression profile of colorectal cancer is obtained，which might relate with the pathogenesis and development of colorectal cancer.

Abstract:Objective：To detect expression of esopageal cancer related gene 4（ECRG4） in choroid plexus epithelial cells of purified rat in vitro. Methods：Primary and passage choroid plexus epithelial cells were obtained from 1 d newborn Sprague-Dawley rats. Expres－sion of ECRG4 was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Secretion of ECRG4 was detected by ELISA. Cells were divided into primary cells（A），passage 1 cells（B） and passage 2 cells（C） groups. Cells which using MnCl2 were divided into intervening primary cells（D） groups. Results：①Expression of ECRG4 mRNA was higher in group B than in groups A and C with statistical differences（P=0.000）. There was no statistical difference in expression of ECRG4 mRNA between group A and group C（P=0.127）. Expression of ECRG4 mRNA was significantly reduced in group D than in group A（P=0.001）. ②ECRG4 protein expression was significantly higher in group B than in group A and group C. ECRG4 protein expression was significantly higher in group C than in group A（P=0.000）. ECRG4 protein expression was significantly higher in group A than in group D（P=0.000）. ③Secretion of ECRG4 detected by ELISA was significantly higher in group B than in group A and group C. Secretion of ECRG4 was significantly higher in group A than in group C（P=0.000）. There was no statistically significant difference between group A and group B（P=0.131）. Conclusions：ECRG4 might participate in the responding of choroid plexus epithelial cells to injury and influence bionomics of choroid plexus epithelial cells. The work on ECRG4 expression in choroid plexus epithelial cells can establish theoretical and experimental basement for clarifying the function of choroid plexus epithelial cell in nerve re－generation promoting.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effects of aloe-emodin nanoliposome-induced photodynamic therapy（PDT） on the prolifera－tion and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells. Methods：Human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 were cultured in vitro with aloe-e－modin nanoliposome at the concentration of 16 μg/ml for 1，2，4，6，8 h and the uptake of aloe-emodin nanoliposome in the gastric cancer cells was detected by confocal laser scanning. The SGC-7901 were treated by different concentrations of aloe-emodin（0，2，4，8，16，32 μg/ml） for 4 h and then were given blue uv（wavelength of 430 nm，continuous output mode，power density of 40 mW/cm2） illumination with different energy densities（0.0，0.8，1.6，3.2，6.4，12.8，25.6 J/cm2）. Survival rate of gastric cancer cells was tested by MTT assay. Human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 were dealt with aloe-emodin nanoliposome（16 μg/ml） for 4 h，and then received the blue uv（wavelength of 430 nm，continuous output mode，power density of 40 mW/cm2） illumination with 6.4 J/cm2 energy density. Cell apoptosis and apoptosis rate were analyzed by using Hoechst33342 and flow cytometry respectively. Results：Uptake time of aloe-emodin nanoliposome in gastric cancer cells peaked at 4 h. No significant difference was found in the cell survival rate when the human gastric cancer cells being dealt with aloe-emodin nanoliposome（concentration<8 μg/ml） for 4 h（P=0.945，P=0.074）. There was no significant difference in the inhibition of gastric cancer cells between single light irradiation group and nanoliposome group（P=0.125）. After gastric cancer cells being dealt with aloe-emodin nanoliposome（16 μg/ml） and blue uv illumination with the energy density of 6.4 J/cm2 for 4 h，the apoptosis rate in PDT group was higher than that in single light irradiation group and nanoliposome group based on results of flow cytometry. Karyopyknosis，fragmentation and apoptotic body were also found by Hoechst33342. Conclusions：Apoptosis of gastric cancer cells can be induced by aloe-emodin nanoli－posome-PDT significantly. Aloe-emodin nanoliposome-induced PDT may be used as a novel effective treatment for gastric can－cer.

Abstract:Objective：To analyze the expression of Golgi alpha-mannosidase Ⅱ（GMⅡ） in different gastric cancer cell lines and to in－vestigate the role of GMⅡ in gastric cancer genesis. Methods：The pGPU6/GFP/Neo-GMⅡ-1406 gene was transfected into MGC-803 and SGC-7901 cells using cationic liposome assay. Rates of transfected positive cells were observed and calculated under invert microscope. Gene and protein expression of GMⅡ，E-cadherin and α-catenin were tested using RT-PCR and Western blot respec－tively. Invasive abilities of cancer cells were analyzed by cell scratch and Transwell assay. Results：Protein expression of GMⅡ was significantly inhibited and expression of E-cadherin and α-catenin in MGC-803 and SGC-7901 cells was up-regulated compared with those of untransfected cells（P＜0.05）. Cell scratch assay showed that the invasive abilities of cells transfected with GMⅡ gene were weaker than those of control group cells（P＜0.05）. Transwell invasive assay demonstrated that the invasive abilities of cells trans－fected with GMⅡ gene were weaker than those of shNC groups. Numbers of Transwell cells were 65±5，197±6，186±5，72±4，178±4，184±5 in three groups during 18 h，with statistical differences（P＜0.05）. Conclusion：GMⅡ gene silencing contributes to decreased invasive ability of gastric cancer cell lines，which is involved with up-regulation of E-cadherin and α-catenin expression.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the role and significance of histone acetylation in proliferation of breast cancer cell line MCF-7 induced by estrogen. Methods：Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were used as the research object. Effect of 17β-estradiol（１７β-E2）on proliferation of MCF-7 cells was investigated with CCK-8 assay and the optimal concentration of 17β-E2 in the following experi－ment was determined according to the proliferation rate. Effect of Garcinol on proliferation of MCF-7 cells by 17β-E2 was investigat－ed with CCK-8 assay and the intermediate concentration of Garcinol in the following experiment was determined according to the in－hibition rate. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of acetylated histone 3（ac-H3），acetylated histone ４（ac-H4） protein was determined by Western blot. CyclinD1 mRNA，B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2（Bcl-2） mRNA，B cell lymphoma/leukemia-xl（Bcl-xl） mRAN expression in MCF -7 cells was measured by RT-PCR and expression of CyclinD1，Bcl-2，Bcl-xl protein was determined by Western blot. Results：Proliferation of MCF-7 cells treated with 17β-E2 was inhibited by acetyltransferase inhibitor Garcinol and transformation of MCF-7 cell cycle was arrested at G0/G1 phase and rate of apoptosis was increased（P=0.000）. Expres－sion level of ac-H3，ac-H4 protein in MCF-7 cells treated with 17β-E2 was increased（P=0.007，P=0.013），in which ac-H3 was inhib－ited by Garcinol（P=0.006） but no ac-H4（P=0.347）. Correspondingly，17β-E2 promoted the mRNA transcription（P=0.007，P=0.044，P=0.007） and protein expression（P=0.000，P=0.002，P=0.000） levels of CyclinD1，Bcl-2，Bcl-xl in MCF-7 cells，which were also in－hibited by Garcinol（P=0.001，P=0.017，P=0.002，P=0.000，P=0.001，P=0.001）. Conclusions：17β-E2 promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells is related with elevated acetylation level of histone. Garcinol plays an inhibitive role in 17β-E2 promoting proliferation of MCF-7 cells.

Abstract:Objective：To detect the expression and significance of estrogen receptor-related receptor（ERR） α mRNA and protein in breast cancer and breast para-carcinoma tissues and to further discuss the correlation between ERR α and breast cancer clinical pathological index（（estrogen receptor（ER），progestin receptor（PR），human epidermal growth factor receptor-2（Her-2），P53） as well as the grade and classification of breast cancer. Methods：Expression of ERRα in 87 breast cancer tissues and the corresponding breast para-carcinoma tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription PCR（RT-PCR），Western blot respec－tively and their relationship with the clinical pathological characteristics was analyzed. Results：Expression of ERR α mRNA and pro－tein in breast cancer tissues was higher than that in breast para-carcinoma tissues（P<0.05）. Expression of ERR α was correlated with ER，Her-2，degrees of differentiation，tumor size and metastasis of the lymph nodes but was not correlated with patient’s age，PR and P53. Conclusions：High expression of ERR α may serve as a biomarker of poor prognosis in breast cancer and it may provide new thought for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

Abstract:Objective：To construct lentivirus expression vector containing Twist gene and to explore its overexpression induced epithe－lial to mesenchymal transition（EMT） in MCF-7 of breast cancer cells. Methods：pcDNA3/myc-tagged-Twist plasmid was amplified by PCR and then cloned into pLVX-puro-vector. After the construction being transfected into HEK-293 cells，the supernatant was collected to infect the MCF-7 cells. The expression of Twist E-cadherin and Vimentin was analyzed by immunofluorescence and Western blot. The invasive ability was evaluated by Transwell invasion assay in MCF-7-Twist cells. Results：The pLVX-puro-myc-tagged-Twist was confirmed correctly by DNA sequencing. Compared with that of vector control cells，the expression of Twist，E-cad－herin and Vimentin was much higher and the invasive ability was much stronger in MCF-7-Twist cells（P<0.05）. Conclusions：The recombinant lentivirus vector expressing Twist is constructed and is efficaciously expressed in MCF-7 cells，which could significantly promote the invasion ability of MCF-7 cells through EMT.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the mechanism of curcumin-induced autophagy in human medulloblastoma Daoy cells. Methods：Cell viability was tested by MTT assay；expression of autophagic markers Beclin1 and LC3 was assessed by fluorescence confocal mi－croscopy，RT-PCR and Western blot；expression of PI3K，Akt，p-Akt，mTOR and p-mTOR in PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway was checked by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results：Curcumin inhibited the proliferation of Daoy cells in a concentration and time depen－dent manner. Immunofluorescence showed that the intensity of Beclin1 and LC3 increased after curcumin treatment. The mRNA and protein level of Beclin1 and LC3 was increased significantly in curcumin treated group than in control group（mRNA：F=1 360.962，42.366，P=0.000，0.000；protein：F=32.723，11.847，P=0.001，0.008）. While the expression of PI3K，p-Akt and p-mTOR in curcumin treated group were lower than that in control group（F=329.662，80.638，183.536，P=0.000，0.000，0.000）. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway ago－nist insulin could not reverse the reduction of PI3K，p-Akt and p-mTOR induced by curcumin. Conclusion：Curcumin could inhibit the growth of human medulloblastoma Daoy cells via autophagy.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the expression and clinical values of heme oxygenase（HO）-1 and HO-2 in medulloblastoma. Methods：Expression of HO-1 and HO-2 in 41 cases of medulloblastoma and 23 cases of control brain tissues was determined by im－munohistochemical assay with SP staining. Relationship between HO-1 and HO-2 expression as well as relationship between HO-1 and HO-2 expression and clinical features（sex，age，histopathology and tumor location） were analyzed with corresponding statistical meth－ods. Results：Expression rates of HO-1 and HO-2 in 41 cases of medulloblastoma were 78.0%（32/41） and 73.2%（30/41） respective－ly，significantly higher than those in control brain tissue（P=0.002，0.001）. Expression of HO-1 was positively related with expression of HO-2（rs=0.477，P=0.009）. There was no difference in gender，age and tumor location between negative and positive of HO-1 and HO-2 groups（HO-1：?字2=0.118，0.000，2.903；P=0.732，1.000，0.424；HO-2：?字2=2.737，1.191，1.169，P=0.098，0.662，0.945）. However，expression of HO-1 and HO-2 showed significant difference in medulloblastoma with different histopathology types（HO-1： ?字2=12.570，P=0.002；HO-2：?字2=6.677，P=0.044）. Conclusions：High expression of HO-1 and HO-2 play an important role in medulloblastoma growth. Futhermore，expression of HO-1 and HO-2 is significantly associated with histopathology of medulloblastoma，indicating that HO-1 and HO-2 may be used as new marker for patient’s state，prognosis and therapeutic target.

Abstract:Objective：to study ADAM23，MIMT1，FAM150B，GRIN2A，LRRC4 DNA methylation feature while nasopharyngeal epithe－lium canceration. Methods：Totally 12 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 10 patients with nasopharyngitis were chose as the research objects. Nasopharyngeal tissue DNA was extracted and was used to specifically identify 5-methyl cytosine antibody immune precipitation DNA. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the contents of five genes respectively. Non 5-methyl cytosine antibody（non MeDIP-qPCR experiment） and nonspecific antibody IgG immune precipitation were set up as dual controls. Results：Regardless of the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma or nasopharyngitis，methylation was not detected in five genes when using nonspecific antibody IgG experiment. Non MeDIP-qPCR experiment showed that there was no difference in fluorescence quan－titative value of five genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and nasopharyngitis（P >0.05）. MeDIP-qPCR experiment showed that all five genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma presented significant methylation. Corrected values of real-time fluorescence quantification of ADAM23，MIMT1，FAM150B，GRIN2A，LRRC45 were 3.39±2.28，6.03±3.93，3.68±1.81，7.12±3.17，3.10±1.94 in nasopharyn－geal carcinoma and were 0.00±0.00，0.01±0.01，0.25±0.49，0.20±0.20，0.00±0.00 in nasopharyngitis（all P < 0.01）. Conclusion：ADAM23，MIMT1，FAM150B，GRIN2A，LRRC4 gene methylation are important characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Abstract:Objective：To prepare transferrin conjugated paclitaxel（PTX） and genistein（Gen） loaded liposome and to evaluate their properties and effect on the treatment of ovarian carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Methods：Liposomes were prepared by thin film hydra－tion method. The particle size，Zeta potential and entrapment efficiency were evaluated. Efficiency of cellular uptake and tumor sphe-roids penetration on MDR A2780 cells in vitro was evaluated. Anti-proliferation efficiency of TFLP-PTX/Gen was evaluated by MTT assay. Tumor spheroids were used to evaluate anti-tumor ability of TFLP-PTX/Gen. A2780 cells was xenografted in athymic mice to establish the animal model，which were used to evaluate the effect of anti-cancer. Results：Particle diameter of the TFLP-PTX/Gen was （115.0±9.5） nm with the Zeta potential of （-4.00±2.15） mV（Entrapment efficiency of PTX and Gen were 83.4% and 79.6% respectively）. Transferrin conjugated liposome（TFLP） uptaken by A2780 were 2.8 times higher than that of liposome（LP）. The MTT assay，the inhabitation of tumor spheroid and the inhabitation of tumor in vivo confirmed strong inhibitory effect of TFLP-PTX/Gen. Conclusions：TFLP-PTX/Gen is easy to prepare and it is a potential delivery system for the treatment of ovarian carcinoma．

Abstract:Objective：To generate recombinant lentiviral vectors which can stably and effectively express DLC-1 gene in SW480 cells in colorectal cancer（CRC）. Methods：Target sequence of DLC-1 was connected with plasmid pcDNA3.1（+）-GFP to construct recom－binant plasmid pcDNA3.1（+）-GFP-DLC-1 and the integrity of pcDNA3.1（+）-GFP-DLC-1 was detected. Recombinant lentiviral vectors containing the recombined plasmids were packaged and the virus titer was calculated. The SW480 cells were infected by the recombinant lentiviral vectors and the transfection efficiency was detected. Negative control and blank control were set at the same time 109. Then real-time PCR and Western blot were employed to evaluate expression level of DLC-1 gene by the recombinant lentiviral vectors in SW480 cells. Results：Recombinant lentiviral vectors were correctly constructed. The virus titer was 1×109 TU/ml and the transfection efficiency was 90%. Real-time PCR revealed overexpression of DLC-1 mRNA in the transfected SW480 cells. Western blot got the same result that the expression level of DLC-1 gene in the transfected SW480 cells was significantly higher than that of negative control group（P=0.000） and difference between blank control group and negative control group was not significant（P=0.902）. Conclusions：Recombinant lentiviral vectors containing DLC-1 gene are successfully constructed and DLC-1 gene is stably and effectively overexpressed in the transfected SW480 cells，which lay foundation for further research on roles of DLC-1 gene in the development and progression of CRC.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the value of serum colon cancer-specific antigen-2（CCSA-2） as a surveillance and prognostic mark－er for colorectal cancer（CRC）. Methods：CCSA-2 content in the serum was measured using ELISA method from 49 CRC patients（in－cluding 14 colon cancer patients and 35 rectal cancer patients） on 3 d before surgery and on 7 d after surgery，respectively. Serum CCSA-2 level was also detected every 3-6 months during the follow-up to observe the relationship between CCSA-2 level and tu－mor recurrence and metastasis. Results：Serum CCSA-2 content in CRC patients was significantly decreased on 7 d after surgery（t=26.53，P<0.001），but it was rebounded to a high level again when the recurrence occurred（P<0.01）. Pre-operative serum CCSA-2 level in patients with recurrence after surgery was significantly higher than that in the patients without recurrence. Conclusion：Serum CCSA-2 may be a useful biomarker in surveillance and prognosis estimate for CRC.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the experiences of patients with pancreatic cancer from initial symptom occurring to confirmed di－agnosis and to provide strategies for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer through the effort from both doctors and patients. Methods：Data of 120 patients with pancreatic cancer were analyzed including initial symptom，initial department visited，initial diagnosis，time from initial symptom occurring to confirmed diagnosis，accepting surgery or not and surgery methods，etc. Results：Average time from initial symptom occurring to confirmed diagnosis was 12 weeks. Upper abdominal discomfort，abdominal pain，abdominal distention and indigestion were the first symptoms in 80% patients. Most patients firstly went to see doctors in the department of digestive or Chinese traditional medicine. About one third of patients got the initial diagnosis of gastritis/gastropathy/epigastric pain. Only less than 20% got the correct diagnosis on the first visit. Conclusions：Patients with pancreatic cancer do not exhibit any specific symptoms on the illness onset，thus with a high rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Educating doctors in the department of digestive and Chinese traditional medicine and patients with basic knowledge of pancreatic cancer plays a very important role in getting earlier di－agnosis and better prognosis of these patients.

Abstract:Objective：To research the effect of gypenosides－containing serum on the expression of proto-oncogene c-Fos and c-Jun in ultraviolet irradiated cells. Methods：Blank serum and gypenosides-containing serum were made. Human immortal skin keratinocytes （HaCaT） were divided into 4 groups（A-D），10 bottles in each group. Human skin fibroblast（HSF） were divided into 6 groups（Ⅰ-Ⅵ），10 bottles in each group. B，C，D groups of irradiated HaCaT and Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ，Ⅴ，Ⅵ groups of HSF underwent UVB and UVA radiation. Supernatant of 4 groups HaCaT was put into HSF Ⅲ-Ⅵ groups in turn. Six groups for measurement were made：blank control group（Ⅰgroup），UVA model group（Ⅱgroup），HaCaT supernatant A group（Ⅲ group），HaCaT supernatant B group（Ⅳ group），HaCaT supernatant C group（Ⅴgroup），HaCaT supernatant D group（Ⅵ group）. Expression levels of c-Fos and c-Jun mRNA and protein in each group were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results：c-Fos and c-Jun mRNA and protein expression was significantly higher in groupⅡ than in groupⅠ（all P =0.000）. c-Fos and c-Jun mRNA and protein expression was significantly higher in group Ⅳ than in group Ⅱ（Pc-Fos mRNA＝0.016，Pc-Fos protein＝0.001，Pc-Jun mRNA＝0.005，Pc-Jun protein＝0.000）. Changes in group Ⅲ were not significant. c-Fos and c-Jun mRNA and protein expression was significantly lower in group Ⅵ than in group Ⅳ（all P =0.000）. Changes in group Ⅴ were not significant（Pc-Fos mRNA＝0.081，Pc-Fos protein＝0.088，Pc-Jun mRNA＝0.109，Pc-Jun protein＝0.026）. Conclusions：The UVB irradiated HaCaT cell secrete cytokine to increase c-Fos and c-Jun mRNA and protein expression in UVA irradiated cell HSF. Gypenosides can inhibit c-Fos and c-Jun mRNA and protein expression of UVA irradiated HSF cells which are affected by UVB irradiated HaCaT supernatant.

Abstract:Objective：To observe the effect of 3 kinds of digestive tract reconstruction on postoperative blood glucose and complica－tions in patients with gastric cancer（GC） combined with type 2 diabetes，who received radical gastrectomy. Methods：Forty-seven gas－tric cancer patients with type 2 diabetes who received routine open gastrectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were retrospectively analyzed from January 2003 to October 2012. The 47 patients were grouped into Billroth Ⅰ（Group A，n=12），Billroth Ⅱ（Group B，n=20） and Roux-en-Y group（Group C，n=15）. Fasting plasma glucose（FPG） and 2-hour plasma glucose（2hPG） before the operative and at 1 week，2 weeks，1 month and 3 months after the operation were recorded and compared among different groups. Meanwhile postoperative complications in the three groups were observed during the hospitalization. Results：There were statistically significant differences in FPG before the operation and at 1 month and 3 months after the operation（P<0.01）. There were statistically significant differences in 2hPG before the operation and at 1 week，2 weeks，1 month and 3 months after the operation（P<0.01）. Remission rate of DM2 was 30.00%，77.78% and 84.62% in group A，B，and C，respectively. Incidence of postop－erative complications was 41.67%，50.00% and 33.33% in group A，B，and C，respectively. Overall incidence of postoperative compli－cations was 42.55%，and the main complication was pulmonary infection（19.15%）. Conclusions：Among the three digestive tract re－constructions（Billroth Ⅰ，Billroth Ⅱ and Roux-en-Y） in radi－cal gastrectomy for patients with GC complicated with DM2，Billroth Ⅱ and Roux-en-Y can improve the blood glucose lev－els efficiently，and Roux-en-Y is the most efficient.

Abstract:Objective：To assess the therapeutic effects of dendritic cell-cytokine-induced killer（DC-CIK） cell immunotherapy with FOLFOX regimen on advanced colorectal cancer with diffusely hepatic metastasis. Methods：Totally 18 patients with advanced col－orectal cancer with diffuse hepatic metastasis from January 1，2008 to December 31，2010 were divided into 2 groups：FOLFOX group （group F） and DC+CIK+FOLFOX group（group DCF），9 patients in each group. Patients in group F were treated by FOLFOX regimen while those in group DCF were treated by DC-CIK cells immunotherapy with FOLFOX regimen. Results：In group F，0 patient attained complete remission（CR），2 patients attained partial remission（PR） with effective treatment rate of 28.6%. In group DCF，2 patients attained CR，5 patients attained PR with effective treatment rate of 87.5%，significantly higher than that of group F（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in clinical benefit rate（CBR） between two groups. In the detection of immunological indexes，CD4+，CD8+ and value of CD4+/CD8+ were significantly raised after the treatment in group DCF，with statistically differences（P<0.05），while no sig－nificant difference in group F was observed. In group F，markers of gastrointestinal tumors were not significantly changed during the treatment，but were increased significantly after the treatment. In group DCF，markers of gastrointestinal tumors were decreased slowly during the treatment and were kept stable after the treatment. The 2-year survival rate was 0 in group F and was 33.3% in group DCF，with significantly statistical differences（P<0.05）. Conclusions：DC-CIK cell immunotherapy with FOLFOX regimen can prolong the survival time in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer with diffusely hepatic metastasis and deserves clinical spread and ap－plication.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effects of tripartite motif containing 25（TRIM25） overexpression on the chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity of human lung cancer cell line H1299 to cisplatin and the molecular mechanisms. Methods：TRIM25 overexpression plas－mid vector was constructed by gene cloning techniques and was transfected into H1299 cells. Efficiency of transfecion was observed under fluorescence microscope. Western blot was used to determine the TRIM25 protein expression level and the change of pyruvate ki－nase isozyme type M2（PKM2） protein level when TRIM25 was overexpressed. After treating untransfected and transfected H1299 cells with cisplatin for 24 h，drug resistance was detected by MTT assay and apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/PI. Results：Compared with those of H1299 blank group and pGCMV/neo empty carrier group，TRIM25 protein levels of pGCMV-trim25 transfection group were significantly increased（P=0.003，P=0.005 respectively）. Moreover，when up-regulating the TRIM25，PKM2 expression was reduced（P=0.001，P=0.003 respectively）. After cisplatin treatment，drug sensitivity as well as apoptosis rate of pGCMV-trim25 trans－fection group were significantly decreased（P<0.001，P<0.001）. Conclusions：Overexpression of TRIM25 protein in lung cancer cells H1299 could decrease the drug sensitivity to cisplatin by down-regulating expressions of PKM2.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the expression of Smad3 gene and smad7 gene in human gastric carcinoma，their correlation and clini－cal significances. Methods：Totally 50 cases of gastric carcinoma with adjacent tissues and 10 cases of normal gastric tissues were collected in this study. Smad3 and Smad7 protein and mRNA expression in these samples was detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results：Smad3 protein expressions in gastric carcinoma tissue was significantly lower than that in the adjacent carcino－ma tissue（50.0% vs. 92.0%，P=0.000）. The expression was closely related with tumor stage（P=0.004） and tumor differentiation stage（P=0.030）. The expression was not related with patients’ age（?字2=0.439，P=0.508）or gender（?字2=0.117，P=0.733）. Positive rate of Smad7 protein expression in gastric carcinoma tissue was higher than that in adjacent carcinoma tissue（48.0% vs. 4.0%，P=0.000） with that in normal tissue being the lowest. The positive rate was closely related with tumor stage（P=0.009） and degree of differentiation（P=0.001）. Smad3 protein and Smad7 protein was found negative correlated in gastric carcinoma（r=-0.539，P=0.000）. Smad3 mRNA expression in carcinoma tissue was lower than that in adjacent carcinoma tissue（Z=7.84，P=0.000），but Smad7 mRNA expression in carcinoma tissue were higher than those in adjacent carcinoma tissue（Z=7.83，P=0.000）. Conclusions：Smad3 gene expression in car－cinoma tissue is decreased while Smad7 gene expression in cancer tissue is increased. Smad3 gene expression and Smad7 gene ex－pression are related with stage of gastric carcinoma and degree of differentiation. Correlated expression of these two genes plays cer－tain role in the occurrence and development of gastric carcinoma.

Abstract:Objective：To establish esophageal Ec-109 cell subtypes with high and low migration abilities and to explore the possible mechanisms of their different biological properties. Methods：Ec-109 cell subtypes with high and low migration abilities were selected out by modified Transwell chamber migration experiment. Growth differences of the two cell types were detected by growth curve and doubling time. Migration and invasion abilities of the two cells were observed by Transwell chamber. Expression of RhoC and matrix metal proteinase-9（MMP-9） in the two cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results：Ec-109 cell subtypes with high and low migration abilities（Ec-109H and Ec-109L） were successfully selected out by modified Transwell chamber migration experiment. No statistical difference was observed between Ec-109H and Ec-109L in growth rate in vitro or doubling time（P=0.105）. Num－bers of migrated cells were 124.9±6.8 and 43.9±6.3 respectively（P=0.000）. Numbers of invaded cells were 50.0±9.7 and 15.2±5.1 respectively（P=0.000）. Expression of RhoC was higher in Ec-109H than in Ec-109L demonstrated by RT-PCR and Western blot（P=0.000），but there was no statistical difference in expression of MMP-9 between the two cell types（P=0.523 and P=0.655）. Conclusion：RhoC plays an important role in migration and metastasis of esophageal cancer，while MMP-9 does not.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the expression and significance of urokinase-type plasminogen activator（u-PA） and vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） in gastric carcinoma. Methods：Expressions of u-PA and VEGF was detected by immunohisto－chemistry in 98 gastric carcinoma specimens and 30 tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Relationship between u-PA and VEGF was ana－lyzed. Results：Positive expression of u-PA and VEGF was significantly higher in gastric carcinoma than in tumor-adjacent normal tissues（P=0.000）. Expression of u-PA and VEGF in gastric carcinoma with low differentiation，serous membrane involvement，lymph node metastasis，TNM stage（Ⅲ+Ⅳ） was significantly higher than that of u-PA and VEGF in gastric carcinoma moderate or high differentiation，no serous membrane involvement，no lymph node metastasis，TNM stage（Ⅰ+Ⅱ）（P<0.05）. Expression of u-PA was positively correlated with expression of VEGF（rs=0.568，P=0.000）. Conclusions：u-PA and VEGF are highly expressed in gastric carcinoma tissues. They have correlation with invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma，and both of them are involved in the occurrence and development of gastric carcinoma，which can be used as potential molecular marker determining the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. Meanwhile，they may have synergistic effect on the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. Combined detection of u-PA and VEGF may play positive role in early diagnosis，treatment and prognosis of gastric carcinoma.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the expression of miR-18a in breast cancer tissues and to explore the regulative effects of miR-18a antisense oligonucleotide（ASO） on the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells in vitro. Methods：The expression of miR-18a in 108 breast cancer tissues and their adjacent breast tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR method. After trans－fection with miR-18aASO，the biological effects of miR-18a on breast cancer cells was measured by Transwell assay and wound healing assay and invasion-related protein expression was analyzed by Western blot. Results：miR-18a was found to be overexpressed in 50.93%（55/108） of the breast cancer cases（t=28.68，P=0.000）. miR-18a expression in breast cancer cells（transfection with miR-18a ASO） was significantly less than that of control group（F=321.67，P=0.001；F=563.28，P=0.000）. Transwell and wound healing as－say results showed that the invasion and migration ability decreased greatly after the transfection with miR-18a ASO（P=0.000），fur－thermore，down-regulation of miR-18a resulted in obvious inactivation of matrix metalloproteinase（MMP）2 and MMP9（P=0.000）. Conclusions：miR-18a is overexpressed in human breast cancer. Reducing the expression of miR-18a can effectively inhibit the inva－sion and migration of breast cancer cells. miR-18a may become a new target for the regulation of invasion and migration in breast can－cer.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the expression of miR-93 in breast cancer tissues and to explore the regulative effects of miR-93 antisense oligonucleotide（ASO） on the proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Methods：Expression of miR-93 in 120 breast cancer tissues and their adjacent tissues was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. After transfection with miR-93 ASO，biological effects of miR-93 on breast cancer cells were measured by MTT assay，colony formation experiment and flow cytometry. Results：Expression of miR-93 was higher in 63.33%（76/120） breast cancer tissues than in adjacent tissues（P<0.05）. miR-93 ASO could reduce the expression of miR-93 significantly（P<0.05）. MTT assay results showed that breast cancer cells survival rate at 24，48，96 h decreased greatly after transfection with miR-93 ASO（P<0.05）. Clone formation assay revealed that colony formation rate was significantly lower in miR-93 ASO group than in blank control group and nonsense interference group（P<0.05）. Flow cytometry indicated that the apoptotic index was significantly higher in miR-93 ASO group than in two control groups（P<0.05）. In addition，Bcl2 mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased after reducing expression of miR-93. Conclusions：miR-93 is overex－pressed in the human breast cancer. Reducing expression of miR-93 can effectively inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells and pro－mote apoptosis . miR-93 may become a new target for the regulation of gene expression in breast cancer.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the expression and diagnostic significance of CCCTC-binding factor（CTCF） in the endometrium. Methods：Normal endometrium samples collected from 30 healthy women were served as control group（15 samples at proliferation phase and 15 samples at secretion phase） However，endometrium samples collected from 45 patients with endometrial carcinoma were served as test group. Expression level and correlation of CTCF protein and telomerase gene human telomerase reverse transcriptase（hTERT） protein in two groups were determined by Western blot，while the transcription level of CTCF mRNA and telomerase gene hTERT mRNA was detected by semi-quantitative PCR（RT-PCR）. Results：CTCF and hTERT were both expressed in two groups. Positive expression percentage and relative expression quantity for CTCF protein and telomerase gene hTERT protein in test group were both different from those in control group（88.89% vs. 60%，?字2=8.57，P=0.005；80% vs. 26.67%，?字2=21.11，P=0.000；t=50.039，P=0.000；t=10.662，P=0.000）. There were differences in mRNA expression of CTCF and hTERT gene between test group and control group（t=67.448，P=0.000；t=65.908，P=0.000）. Expression of CTCF was associated with endometrial carcinoma histological stages and clinical stages（?字2=8.613，P=0.007； ?字2=11.739，P=0.001），while not with histological subtypes（?字2=4.906，P=0.086）. Meanwhile，expres－sion of hTERT has nothing to do with histological stages，histological subtypes and clinical stage（?字2=0.352，P=0.258；?字2=1.568，P=0.457； ?字2=0.000，P=1.000）. Expression of CTCF was positively correlated with hTERT in endometrial carcinoma（?字2=5.625，P=0.018；r=0.354，P=0.017）. Conclusions：CTCF and telomerase hTERT are differently expressed in endometrial carcinoma and normal en－dometrial tissues. Expression of CTCF and telomerase hTERT is also different under different clinical parameters. CTCF and hTERT might play an important role in forecasting endometrial carcinoma recurrence which has close relationship with clinical parameters.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate has-miRNA-96（miR-96） expression in cervical cancer tissues and their association with the clini－copathological features. Methods：Expression of miR-96 in 52 cases of cervical cancer tissues and 28 cases of normal tissues was examined by stem-loop real-time PCR. Correlations between expression of miR-96 and related clinicopathologic features of cervical cancer（age，pathologic pattern，histological grade，depths of interstitial infiltration，lymph node metastasis，clinical stage） were further analyzed. Results：Relative expression of miR-96 was significantly higher in cancer tissues（127.045±235.424） than in normal tis－sues（0.995±0.236）（P=0.000）. Expression of miR-96 was significantly higher in middle and low differentiated carcinoma（137.778±249.981） than in high differentiated carcinoma（75.766±147.237），with statistical differences（P=0.005）. Expression of miR-96 was significantly higher in cervical adenocarcinoma（196.213±172.519） than in squamous cell carcinomas（110.576±246.910）（P=0.004）. Expression of miR-96 at Ⅰsatge，Ⅱstage and Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage was （22.614±25.828），（122.493±78.043） and （672.902±476.169） respectively；expression at Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage was significantly higher than that at Ⅰstage and Ⅱstage（P=0.000，P=0.001） and expression at Ⅱstage was significantly higher than that at Ⅰstage（P=0.000）. Expression of miR-96 was significantly higher in those with lymphatic metastasis（142.537±104.673） than those without（19.787±26.204）（P=0.000）. Patients with invasive depth＜1/2 in－terstitial substance（27.449±49.728） showed lower level of miR-96 than those with invasive depth ≥1/2 interstitial substance（75.323±94.822）（P=0.025）. Expression of miR-96 was not correlated with age（P=0.385）. Conclusions：Aberrant expression of miR-96 sug－gests it might play a role as an oncogene in the tumorigenesis and development of cervical carcinoma and it possibly correlates with progression and prognosis of cervical cancer.

Abstract:Objective：To explore short term curative effects and adverse reactions of two different dosage regimens of paclitaxel plus carboplatin intravenous chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods：Clinical data of 136 patients who were diagnosed as epithelial ovarian cancer and accepted chemotherapy in the department of obstetrics and gynecology in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2011 to January 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 62 cases in one day medication group and 74 cases in two days medication group. Short term curative effects and adverse reactions of chemotherapy in two groups were compared and analyzed. Results：There was no statistically significant difference in short term cura－tive effect between two therapeutic regimens for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. There were statistically significant differences in distribution of bone marrow at all levels between two groups（P=0.000）. Distribution of nausea and vomiting at all levels were statisti－cally different between two groups（P=0.004）. There was no statistically significant difference in liver damage distribution at all levels between two groups（P=0.321）. There was no statistically significant difference in distribution of renal injury at all levels between two groups（P=0.086）. Distribution of abnormal nerve sensation at all levels was not statistically different between two groups（P=0.280）. Conclusions：Dosage regimen in two days medication group can replace paclitaxel plus carboplatin chemotherapy in the treat－ment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

Abstract:Objective：To construct SiRNA-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3（STAT3） expression vector，to silence protein of STAT3 expression in human colon cancer cell sw620 and to study apoptosis of sw620 after STAT3 interference in vitro. Methods：In this study，short hairpin RNA targeting STAT3 was cloned into pGenesil-1 plasmid vector，named as p-shSTAT3. Forty-eight hours after transfection with p-shSTAT3，the expression level of STAT3 mRNA and protein were measured using RT-PCR and Western blot. Moreover，Hochest 33258 staining was used to measure the apoptosis of sw620 cell after transfection. Furthermore，downstream apoptosis-related targets of STAT3，p53，Caspase 3，Bax，Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 in sw620 cell was investigated by Western blot. Results：Our results indicated that p-shSTAT3 could significantly silence STAT3 mRNA and protein expression in sw620 cancer cells（P=0.000）. Hochest 33258 staining indicated that p-shSTAT3 induced sw620 cancer cell apoptosis（P=0.000） whereas controls had no effects on cell apoptosis（P=0.218）. Knockdown of STAT3 expression induce p53，Caspase 3 and Bax protein expression，inhibit Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 protein expression in sw620 cells. Conclusions：Our data showed that interference of STAT3 expression promote sw620 cell apoptosis，which provide new ideas and targets for the treatment of colon cancer.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia（VAIN）. Methods：Fifteen cases of VAIN diagnosed and treated in the department of cervical diseases in the Maternal and Child Health Center of Chongqing from June 2006 to March 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Results：The median age among all the patients were 50 years. Among 15 cases，12 cases（80.00%，12/15） were infected with HPV and 10 cases（66.67%，10/15） had hysterectomy for cervical disease before. Three months after the treatment，11 cases（73.33%，11/15） had complete response.Four cases had focus nidus sustained and were treated by CO2 laser therapy 3 to 6 months later，with complete response in 3 cases.However，one case developed to squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina one year later and was treated in the inpatient department. One year after the treatment，the negative transformation rate of HPV was 83.33%. Conclusions：The age of onset of VAIN is elder and VAIN is related with HPV infection，cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. CO2 laser therapy can be used to treat VAIN and follow-up after the treatment should be taken for the risk of relapsing or developing into infiltrating carcinoma.