Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effect of CMHX003，a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ（PPARγ） selective partial agonist，on the enhancement of insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Methods：PPARγ agonist activity was determined by using luci-ferase reporter gene assay. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes according to standard protocols. Oil red O staining was performed at the end of differentiation and the adiponectin and aP2 mRNA levels were detected by real-time PCR. The secreted adiponectin levels in the culture medium were measured with mouse adiponectin ELISA kit. Results：The result of luciferase reporter assay suggested that PPARγ agonist activity of CMHX003 was higher than that of rosiglitazone（2.46±0.08，3.31±0.15，F=132.19，P=0.008）. CMHX003 had weaker role in promoting 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and triglyceride accu－mulation than rosiglitazone but similar role in increasing expression and secretion of adiponectin（59.41±3.01，107.91±16.49， χ2=9.031，P=0.112）（74.61±16.94，140.07±30.67， χ2=9.051，P=0.135） as rosiglitazone. Meanwhile，CMHX003 was less likely to increase aP2 expression（3.07±1.86，75.95±26.04， χ2=8.868，P=0.049）. Conclusions：CMHX003 may potentially be developed into an effective and safe agent in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mel－litus and metabolic disorders.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effect of canonical Wnt signaling antagonist Dickkopf1（Dkk1） on bone morphogenetic protein 9（BMP9） induced C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells（MSCs） osteogenic differentiation. Methods：C3H10T1/2 cells were infected by recombinant adenovirus expressing green fluorescent protein（GFP），BMP9 and/or Dkk1. Early osteogenic marker，alkaline phos－phatase（ALP） activity was detected by ALP activity assay and staining. Later osteogenic marker calcium deposition was determined by Alizarin Red S staining. Western blot was used to detect the middle osteogenic marker osteopontin（OPN） and osteocalcin（OC） at protein level. Ectopic bone formation assay was carried out to make sure the influence of Dkk1 on BMP9 induced osteogenic differen－tiation of mesenchymal stems cells in vivo. Results：Dkk1 effectively inhibited BMP9 induced ALP activity，calcium deposition，OPN and OC protein expression in C3H10T1/2 cells. Athymic nude mice subcutaneous injection C3H10T1/2 cells showed that Dkk1 inhibited BMP9 induced ectopic bone formation and calcification degree in vivo. Conclusions：Wnt signaling antagonist Dkk1 can dra－matically inhibit BMP9 induced C3H10T1/2 cells osteogenic differentiation and BMP9 induced osteogenic differentiation may require functional canonical Wnt signaling.

Abstract:Objective：To explore effects of human umbilical cord blood serum on the basic biological characteristics and senescence of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells（hUCB-MSCs）. Methods：Mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation from human umbilical cord blood. Two groups of hUCB-MSCs were cultured using different complete mediums，one con－sisting of 3% cord blood and 7% fetal bovine serum（CBS group），the other one consisting of 10% fetal bovine serum（FBS group）. Cell surface moleculars and cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry. Then cell surface area and percentage of positive cells expressing β-galactosidase were detected. Absorbance value was measured by MTT methods，and cell growth curve was drawn. Results：hUCB-MSCs expressed CD44，CD105，CD90，CD73 and vimentin in both groups，but not CD45，CD34，CD11b，CD19 and human leukocyte antigen DR（HLA-DR）. Percentage of CD90 expression in the 7th passage hUCB-MSCs was significantly lower in CBS group than in FBS group. Percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase was significantly lower and proliferation index was significantly higher. Cell surface area was significantly smaller in CBS group than in FBS group（P<0.05）. Growth curve of CBS group was shifted to the left with a higher peak. Cell doubling time was 48.37 h in CBS group，but 54.43 h in FBS group. Percentage of β-galactosidase positive cells was higher in FBS than in CBS group. Conclusions：hUCB-MSCs proliferation is promoted by combining partial human umbilical cord blood serum with fetal bovine serum with better maintenance of basic biological characteristic and delayed cell aging.

Abstract:Objective：To observe the incidence and ultrastructure of folic acid，resveratrol and α-naphthoflavone antagonize 2，3，7，8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin（TCDD）-induced fetal mice cleft palate. Methods：On gestation day 10（GD 10），40 pregnant mice were randomly assigned to 5 groups. TCDD group（TCDD 28 μg/kg），control group（corn oil 0.1 ml/kg），folic acid group（folic acid 10 mg/kg+TCDD 28 μg/kg），resveratrol group（resveratrol 50 mg/kg+TCDD 28 μg/kg），α-naphthoflavone group（α-naphthoflavone 5 mg/kg+TCDD 28μg/kg） were gavaged. Incidences of cleft palate of each group were observed on GD17.5. Another 15 pregnant mice were randomly divided into five groups，the same as above. The head coronal sections of the fetal mice were prepared on GD 13.5，14.5，15.5，observed by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Results：Incidences of cleft palate were 92.86% in TCDD group，0% in control group，73.08% in folic acid group，74.51% in resveratrol group，65.52% in a-naphthoflavone group. There were significant differ－ences of cleft palate incidence in folic acid，resveratrol and α-naphthoflavone groups compared with that in TCDD group（P<0.05）. The embryonic palatal cells in TCDD group gradually ruptured and shrinkaged and filopodia disapperaed；the filopodia in the surface of the smooth cells gradually increased，extended and continued until the end of the palatal fusion in contral，folic acid，resveratrol，α-naphthoflavone groups. Conclusions：Folic acid，resveratrol and α-naphthoflavone can restore the ultrastructure of mice embryonic palatal cells and antagonize TCDD-induced cleft palate.

Abstract:Objective：To discuss the changes of the biological characteristics of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs） in the microenvironment of C6 glioma cells. Methods：Whole bone marrow adherent cultivation was used to isolate and culture SD rat BMSCs. Immunofluorescence（IF） was used to detect the surface makers of BMSCs（CD90+，CD105+，CD45-）. BMSCs was labeled with a fluorescent dye CM-Dil（CM-Dil+BMSCs） and the labeling efficiency was examined with flow cytometry（FCM）. The inhibitory rate of CM-Dil+BMSCs was continuously tested by trypan blue staining assay. In direct-co-culture group，CM-Dil+BMSCs was directly co-cultured with C6 glioma cells；in indirect-co-culture group，BMSCs was indirectly co-cultured with C6 glioma cells；in positive control group，C6 glioma cells was separately cultured and in negative control group，BMSCs was separately cultured. After 7 d，IF was applied to detect the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein（GFAP） of each group. Gene expression of GFAP，PTEN，Bcl-xl，CyclinD1，CD90，CD105 of each group was detected by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction（RT-qPCR）. Results：（1）It was showed by IF that more than 90% of the third generation of BMSCs expressed CD90，CD105，but not CD45. （2）Expression of GFAP of BMSCs in direct-co-culture group and indirect-co-culture group was increased compared with that in negative control group，while the expression of CD90 and CD105 were decreased. Gene expression of GFAP，PTEN，Bcl-xl，CyclinD1 was significantly increased in direct-co-culture group and indirect-co-culture group compared with that in negative control group（P＜0.05）. There was no difference between direct-co-culture group and indirect-co-culture group（P ＞0.05）. Gene expression of CD90，D105 was significantly decreased in direct-co-culture group and indirect-co-culture group compared with that in negative control group（P＜0.05）. Conclusion：BMSCs in the microenvironment of C6 glioma cells have the potential malignant transformation tendency.

Abstract:Objective：To examine the ability of purified 3 Trans-Activator of Transcription-RNA dinding domain（3TAT-RBD） in the delivery of siRNA into cells and to evaluate its effect on gene silencing. Methods：The RNA binding domain（Motif1） of double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase（PKR） was fused with cell-penetrating peptide HIV-TAT to construct 3TAT-RBD by molecular cloning technique. The recombinant 3TAT-RBD protein was expressed in BL21 bacteria and was further purified with GST purification system. The binding affinity of 3TAT-RBD with Cy3-dsRNA was examined after nondenaturing gel electrophoresis. Fluorescence microscopy was used to examine the efficiency of 3TAT-RBD and Lipofectimine 2000 in the delivery of dsRNA into gli36 cells. Moreover，the si－lencing effect of 3TAT-RBD and Lipofectimine 2000 on expression of Drp1（a protein regulating mitochondrial fission） in gli36 cells was compared. Results：3TAT-RBD protein was successfully expressed and purified. In vitro binding experiments showed that 3TAT-RBD had high binding affinity with Cy3-siRNA. Both 3TAT-RBD and Lipofectimine 2000 delivered Cy3-siRNA into gli36 cells with similar efficiency. In RNAi experiments，siRNA delivered into gli36 cells by 3TAT-RBD effectively silenced Drp1 expression，and its silencing efficiency was similar to that of Lipofectamine 2000. The expression level of Drp1 in 3TAT-RBD and Lipofectamine 2000 group was respectively 42% and 36% of control. Conclusions：Advantage of cell-penetrating peptide HIV-TAT and dsRNA binding feature of Motif1 in PKR is used and a novel tool protein 3TAT-RBD is constructed to effectively deliver siRNA into cells for gene si－lencing.

Abstract:Objective：To construct recombinant adenovirus against mouse nuclear transcription factor Rbpj，downstream of Notch，with the purpose to provide a powerful molecular tool for exploring the role of bone morphogenetic protein（BMP） ９ signaling in osteogene－sis of mesenchymal stem cells. Methods：Three pairs of double-stranded DNA sequence targeted mouse Rbpj were designed and sub－cloned to pSES-HUS vector to obtain pSES-HUS-siRbpj using AdEasy system，then reorganized with pAdEasy-1 plasmid in E.coli BJ5183. pAd-siRbpj was transfected into HEK293 to package recombinant adenovirus AdsiRbpj after being linearized by PacⅠand screened by RT-PCR and Western blot. C3H10T1/2 were co-treated with recombinant adenovirus and BMP9 proteins，then the early osteogenetic maker alkaline phosphatase（ALP） was detected at the 7th d. Osteopontin（OPN） and osteocalcin（OCN），BMP downstream target genes Id 1 and Runx 2 expression were also detected by RT-PCR. Results：Three interference recombinant adenoviruses were successfully constructed，of which AdsiRbpj-2 had the best interference ability and can significantly decrease BMP9-induced os－teogenic indexes，including the early osteogenetic index ALP，late osteoblasic differention indicators OPN，OCN and osteogenic gene Runx 2. Conclusions：The siRNA adenovious vector AdsiRbpj-2，with the ability to specifically block mouse Notch signaling，is suc－cessfully constructed，future indicating that Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in osteogenic differention of BMP9 induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effects of transcription factor 7 like 2（TCF7L2） down-regulation on proinsulin levels and to explore the mechanism of TCF7L2 regulating proinsulin levels though proprotein convertase（PC）. Methods：Beta-TC-6 cells were cultured in vitro. TCF7L2 expression was down regulated by siRNA. There were three groups：blank control，scrambled control，and TCF7L2 interference group. QRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of TCF7L2，PC1 and PC2. Cell culture medium was collected and changes in insulin and proinsulin levels under basic and glucose stimulated conditions were detected by ELISA. Results：At 48 h after lentivirus infection of Beta-TC-6 cells，the infection rate achieved more than 95% under fluorescence microscopy. Compared with those of blank control group，the interference efficiency of mRNA was about 75%（0.25±0.03 vs. 0.97±0.11，P=0.000） and the interference efficiency of protein level was 50% in TCF7L2 interference group（0.29±0.08 vs. 0.57±0.09，P=0.008）. Compared with those of scrambled control，the TCF7L2 interference group had significantly lower levels of in－sulin（7.47±0.21） mU/L vs. （10.53±0.38） mU/L（P=0.000），but higher levels of proinsulin（10.73±0.51） pmol/L vs. （7.81±0.29） pmol/L（P=0.001） and lower mRNA and protein levels of PC1 and PC2（P<0.05）. Conclusions：TCF7L2 interference might affect the process and levels of proinsulin by decreasing the expression of PC.

Abstract:Objective：To research the protection of angelica polysaccharides（APS） on bone marrow stromal cell（ＢＭＳＣ） and vascular endothelial growth factor（ＶＥＧＦ） in radiation injured mice. Methods：BALB/c mice was irradiated by linear accelerator with one-time X ray（4.0 Gy）. Then mice were given different dosages of APS or normal saline by intraperitoneal injection. These mice were killed and the peripheral blood cells were achieved to do routine test at the 7th，14th，21st d after the injection. Adherent situation of BMSC was observed and time of 80% adherent BMSC was recorded. Cell cycle and apoptosis ratio were detected by flow cytometry. VEGF mRNA expression of BMSC was detected by RT-PCR assay. Results：Compared with those in normal group，numbers of peripheral leukocytes and platelet were decreased significantly，adherent cells of BMSC were fewer and refractivity was poorer，time of 80% ad－herent BMSC was extended significantly，percentage of G0/G1 phase and apoptosis rate were increased significantly and VEGF mRNA expression was decreased significantly in radiation group at the 7th，14th，21st d after the radiation. Conclusions：APS may promote the recovery of hematopoietic of mice bone marrow probably by enhancing expression of VEGF mRNA，then increasing proliferation ability of BMSC and reducing its apoptosis.

Abstract:Objective：To observe the proliferation of mouse ovarian preantral granulosa cells in order to discuss the reproduction and mechanism of nerve growth factor（NGF） and to establish speedy，sensitive and pollution free detection of cell proliferation with low toxicity. Methods：The mouse ovarian preantral granulosa cells were treated with NGF in vitro and cell proliferation and labeling in－dex（LI） were measured by CCK-8 assay，bromodeoxyuridine（BrdU） labeling and immunocytochemistry staining. Changes in cell cy－cle were analyzed with flow cytometry. Results：Data showed that NGF significantly promoted the proliferation of granulosa cells in a dose-dependent manner. Granulosa cells BrdU positively labeled were visible under light microscope after NGF treatment. Brown positive grains were visible in the nuclei，which indicated that cells were in proliferation period. BrdU LI（％） in the treatment was 40.62%，which was significantly more than that of control（23.57%，P=0.000）. Number of cells and the proliferation index were in－creased in proliferation period and the cell proportion was decreased in G0/G1 phase（P=0.000） after NGF treatment. Conclusions：CCK-8 assay and BrdU labeling are effective，speedy and sensitive in detecting preantral granulosa cell proliferation. The promotion effect of NGF on granulosa cell proliferation might be associated with promotion of DNA synthesis.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effect of transforming growth factor-β1（TGF-β1） on bone morphogenetic protein 9（BMP9）-induced mesenchymal stem cells（MSCs） osteogenic differentiation. Methods：C3H10T1/2 cell line infected with BMP9 adenovirus and added with TGF-β1 protein was used to create the osteogenic model. The modified SEAP chemoluminescence assay was used for al－kaline phosphatase（ALP） activity. Alizarin red staining was used for mineralization. Real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry were used for bone markers collagen typeⅠa2（COLⅠa2），osteopotin（OPN） and osteocalcin（OCN）. Luciferase reporter assay was used for detecting the Smad expression. Results：BMP9 combined with TGF-β1 induced more ALP activities and mineralization（F=18 782.10，P=0.000） than single BMP9. However，there was no difference between single TGF-β1 group and single GFP group after treating con－secutively for 17 d（F=1.03，P=0.318）. mRNA expression of OPN，OCN and COLⅠa2 was increased in BMP9 combined with TGF-β1 group than in single BMP9 group（FCOLⅠa2=250.30，P=0.000；FOPN=795.64，P=0.000；FOCN=206.55，P=0.000）. BMP9 combined with TGF-β1 increased COLⅠa2 more significantly at earlier stage（F=250.30，P=0.000） and increased the protein expression of OPN and OCN in vitro. BMP9 combined with TGF-β1 stimulated the activity of luciferase reporter of related Smads（?字2=32.84，P=0.000）. Conclu－sions：TGF-β1 promotes BMP9-induced osteogenic differentia－tion in MSCs. TGF-β1 and BMP9 might have synergistic effects.

Abstract:Objective：To study the effects of cetuximab combined with paclitaxel on proliferation and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal car－cinoma cell line CNE-1 and its molecular mechanism. Methods：Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-1 were cultured and divid－ed into vacuity contrast group，cetuximab group，paclitaxel group and combination group. The inhibitory rate was detected by MTT，the apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry，and levels of epidermal growth factor receptor（EGFR），matrix metalloproteinase-2（MMP-2） were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results：The inhibitory rate and apoptosis rate of combination group were higher than those of cetuximab group and paclitaxel group（P=0.002，P=0.000；P=0.000，P=0.000）. EGFR and MMP-2 mRNA levels of combination group were lower than those of cetuximab group and paclitaxel group（P=0.000，P=0.001；P=0.000，P=0.000）. EGFR and MMP-2 protein levels of combination group were lower than those of cetuximab group and paclitaxel group（P=0.000，P=0.000；P=0.000，P=0.006）. Conclusions：The combination of cetuximab and paclitaxel can increase the apoptosis and decrease the prolif－eration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-1 with a synergistic action，the mechanism of which may through the inhibition of EGFR and MMP-2.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the effect of perindopril on basic fibroblast growth factor（bFGF-2） expression in isoproterenol（ISO）-induced cardiac hypertrophy of rats. Methods：The research rats were randomly divided into three groups and 10 rats in each group：control group，model group（3mg/（kg·d） isoproterenol for 10 d） and intervention group（3 mg/（kg·d） isoproterenol and 1 mg/（kg·d） perindopril for 10 d）. Left ventricular mass/body mass（LVM/BM） and heart mass/body mass（HM/BM） were detected and compared；in addition，FGF-2 mRNA and protein in left ventricular tissues were analyzed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results：Results of LVM/BM and HM/BM in the 3 groups were：control group

Abstract:Human microcephalin 1（MCPH1），also known as BRCT-repeat inhibitor of hTERT expression（BRIT1），is a chromatin-binding DNA damage response protein containing 835 amino acids with 110 kD molecular weight. It interacts directly with a variety of important proteins including cancer-related gene proteins（E2F，p53，BRCA1/2，etc），DNA damage response proteins（ATM，ATR，RAD51 and Condensin Ⅱ，etc） and cell-cycle regulators（CDK1，cyclins）. MCPH1 is likely to play an important role in the main－tenance of genomic stability through its activities in cell-cycle progression，DNA damage repair，and tumor suppressor. In this review，we summarized the biochemistry structure of MCPH1 and its role in maintaining the genomic stability and described the relationship of MCPH1 deficiency with human cancer development.

Abstract:Organ fibrosis is acute or chronic pathological changes caused by a variety of factors. Lack of effective treatment will even－tually lead to organ failure. In recent years，the study of microRNA receives more and more attention. Especially microRNA-21，as a small molecule regulating RNA，plays an important role in the occurrence of a variety of diseases，including cancer，cardiovascular disease，organ fibrosis. This paper reviewed microRNA-21 in various fibrotic diseases.

Abstract:Objective：To construct an efficient and controllable recombinant baoulovirus vAcrtTA2s-Ptight-HGF and to investigate the optimum dose of deoxycycline（DOX） for the induction of hepatocyte growth factor（HGF） expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BM-MSCs） infected with vAcrtTA2s-Ptight-HGF. Methods：vAcrtTA2s-Ptight-HGF was built by gene recombination. BM-MSCs of New Zealand white rabbits were isolated and cultured by adhe－sion method and then were infected with vAcrtTA2s-Ptight-HGF. Concentration of HGF secreted by infected rabbit BM-MSCs was verified by ELISA and Western blot with different induction doses of DOX. Results：An efficient and controllable recombinant baoulovirus vAcrtTA2s-Ptight-HGF was successfully constructed by gene recombination and rabbit BM-MSCs was successfully infected. Different levels of HGF expression under different doses of DOX were quantitatively verified by ELISA and Western blot. Expression of HGF was in dose-dependent relationship with DOX doses and was consistently lasted for 7 d. Expression of HGF was higher in experiment group than in control group（P<0.001）. Conclusions：BM-MSCs/vAcrtTA2s-Ptight-HGF demonstrates higher HGF expression and the optimum dose of DOX to induce HGF expression in infected rabbit BM-MSCs was 1 μg/ml.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the effects of transforming growth factor-β1（TGF-β1） on the cytoskeleton filament actin（F-actin） and expression of some binding proteins in mature dendritic cells（mDCs） in order to further understand the biological behaviors and find the clue of improving the clinical efficiency of DCs-based therapy against cancer. Methods：mDCs were treated with different concentrations of TGF-β1 and the organization of cytoskeleton F-actin and expression of some cytoskeleton-binding proteins were respectively observed and measured by laser confocal microscopy and Western blot. Results：（1）F-actin organization was reconstructed in mDCs treated with various concentrations of TGF-β1 compared with that in control group. F-actin expression quantity in 3 ng/ml group was significantly down-regulated（P=0.000） and expres－sion quantity of F-actin in 5 ng/ml group was significantly up-regulated（P=0.000）. （2）Length of cell membrane protrusions in 3 ng/ml and 5 ng/ml group was thinner and shorter than that in control group（P=0.001，0.000）. Number of cell membrane pro－trusions in 1，3，5 ng/ml groups was sparser than that in control group（P=0.000）. Non-liner correlation between expression of F-actin and characteristics of cell membrane protrusion（length and number） was observed（R2=0.828，0.746 respectively，P=0.000）. （3）Expression of cytoskeleton-binding proteins and expression quantity of F-actin in all groups was significantly down-regulated（P=0.001，0.000）. Phosphorylation of cofilin1 in 1 ng/ml and 3 ng/ml group was significantly down-regulated（P=0.000，0.000）. Expression quantity of profilin in 1，3，5 ng/ml group was significantly up-regulated（P=0.001，0.001，0.013）. Conclusions：Organization of cytoskeleton F-actin and some of its binding proteins in mDCs are affected by TGF-β1 in a concentration-dependent manner，indicating that the signal pathway of TGF-β1 should be blocked in appropriate way before performing DCs-based im－munotherapy against cancer. It’s of great significance to understand the biological behaviors and immune escape mechanism of tumor.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the regulatory effect of the human SLC22A3 gene intron7 and SNPrs2048327（A/G） on gene tran－scription. Methods：The hSLC22A3 intron7，amplified from the bacterial artificial chromosome（BAC） including whole human SLC22A3 gene，was cloned into pGL3-Basic and pGL3-Promoter respectively to construct the recombinant plasmid pGL3-Basic-SLCi7wt，pGL3-Promoter-SLCi7wt and pGL3-Promoter-SLCi7mut. The recombinants with internal reference plasmid pRL-SV40 were co-trans－fected into HEK293T cells，then the luciferase activity was detected. Results：There was no significant difference in luciferase activity between pGL3-Basic-SLCi7wt and pGL3-Basic（P=0.986）. Luciferase activity of pGL3-Basic-SLCi7wt was lower than that of pGL3-Promoter（（3.514 ± 0.096） vs. （6.286 ± 0.370）；P=0.000）. Luciferase activity of pGL3-Promoter-SLCi7mut was lower than that of pGL3-Promoter and pGL3-Promoter-SLCi7wt（P=0.000）. Conclusions：The human SLC22A3 gene intron7 has negative regulatory activity，which could significantly down-regulate the expression of luciferase reporter gene. The mutation（A→G） of SNPrs2048327（A/G） located in the hSLC22A3 intron7 may enhance the negative regulatory activity of this intron.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the interaction between olfaetomedin 4（OLFM4） mRNA and nucleolin protein and to discuss the regulatory effect of nucleolin protein on the transcription level of OLFM4. Methods：RNA chromatin chromatin immunoprecipitation assay（RNA chip） combined with RT-PCR was performed to identify whether OLFM4 interacted with nucleolin and the effects of nucleolin on the OLFM4 were detected by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results：OLFM4 directly interacted with the nucleolin in SGC-7901 cells. Relative luciferase activity of over expression of nucleolin plasmid was about 1.15 times of the control plasmid；relative luciferase activity of knockdown of nucleolin plasmid was about 0.8 times of the control plasmid；nucleolin had positive moderating effect on OLFM4. Conclusions：OLFM4 directly interacts with the nucleolin and nucleolin stabilizes the OLFM4 mRNA by increasing OLFM4 transcription and extending OLFM4 mRNA half-life.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the role of ERK5 signal pathway in the differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells into cardiomyocyte-like cells induced by bone morphogenetic protein 9（BMP9）. Methods：C3H10T1/2 cells were infected with recombinant adenovirus AdBMP9 and AdGFP，and the transfection efficiency was detected by flow cytometry. Expression levels of phosphorylated ERK5（p-ERK5） and ERK5 were detected by Western blot and the expression sites of p-ERK5 in the cell were detected by immunofluores－cence. C3H10T1/2 cells were preprocessed with ERK5 special inhibitor BIX02189 and induced by AdBMP9. Expression levels of p-ERK5 and ERK5 were detected by Western blot；expression levels of myocardial specificity gene myocyte enhancer factor 2C（MEF2C） and GATA4 were measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and expression levels of myocardial specificity protein connexin 43（CX43） and cardiac troponin T（cTnT） were detected by Western blot. Results：The transfection efficiencies of AdGFP and AdBMP9 were about 50% and the expression level of p-ERK5 after being induced by AdBMP9 was significantly higher（P<0.01）. Immunofluorescence showed that the expression of p-ERK5 of BMP9 group was obviously increased and mainly concen－trated in the nucleus. 15 ?滋mol/L BIX02189 completely inhibited the expression of p-ERK5（P<0.01） and significantly inhibited the AdBMP9 induced expression of MEF2C，GATA4 genes and CX43，cTnT proteins in C3H10T1/2 cells（P=0.000）. Conclusion：The ERK5 signal pathway can be activated by BMP9 to promote cardiomyocyte-like differentiation from C3H10T1/2 cells.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the expression of matrixmetalloproteinases-9（MMP-9） in human coronary artery endothelial cells （HCAECs） and to explore its underlying mechanism. Methods：HCAECs were incubated by 1% fetal bovine serum（FBS） in DMEM/F12 culture medium in six different group：（1）blank control（Con）group：without resistin；（2）Res20 group：with 20 ng/ml resistin；（3）Res40 group：with 40 ng/ml resistin；（4）Res100 group：with 100 ng/ml resistin；（5）Res40+U0126 group：incubating HCAECs with ERK inhibitor U0126 （20 mmol/L） pretreatment for 1 h ，then adding 40 ng/ml resistin；（6）U0126 group：with ERK inhibitor U0126 （20 mmol/L）. After 24 h，MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1（TIMP-1） mRNA and protein levels were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA. HCAECs p-ERK1/2 and ERK1/2 protein levels were measured by Western blot. Results：Compared with those in Con group，MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels were increased in Res20，Res40，Res100 groups（P＜0.05） and TIMP-1 mRNA and protein levels were decreased（P＜0.05）. MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels in Res 40+U0126 group were lower than those in Res40 group（P＜0.05） while there is no obvious change of TIMP-1 mRNA and protein levels. Compared with those in Con group，U0126 and Res40+U0126 group，p-ERK1/2 protein levels were higher in Res40 group（P＜0.05）. Conclusions：Expression of resistin can down-regulate the TIMP-1 and induce MMP-9 synthesis. The ERK1/2 is involved in MMP-9 expression in HCAECs exposed to re－sistin. These results suggest an active role of resistin in the pa－thophysiology of resistin-induced cardiovascular disease.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the release of pro-inflammatory mediators：tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） and intracellular ad－hesion molecules-1（ICAM-1） during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and related regulatory mechanism. Methods：Totally 30 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups：sham group，cardiac ischemia/reperfusion group（the left circumflex coronary arteries of the rabbits were ligated for 90 min then untied for 60 min） and PDTC group（20 mg/kg pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate was injected intravenously 30 min before cardiac ischemia）. Plasma levels of ICAM-1 and TNF-α at different time points during ischemia/reperfusion were detected by ELISA. Myocardial myeloperoxidase activities in different regions were determined and myocardial cell injury was observed under the light microscope and electron microscope. Results：Serum concentration of TNF-α and ICAM-1 in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion group reached the peak 150 min after myocardial ischemia，which was significantly higher than that of sham group and PDTC group（P<0.05）. Myeloper－oxidase in no-reflow area and ischemic area was significantly higher in ischemia/reperfusion group than in sham group and PDTC group（P<0.05）. Histological results showed that myocardial injury in no-reflow area was less severe in PDTC group than in ischemic/reperfusion group. Conclusions：Cardiac ischemic/reperfusion can promote the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Inhibition of nu－clear factor-κB can decrease the infiltration and activation of neutrophile granulocyte，attenuate the release of pro-inflammatory factors and decrease myocardial injury in no-reflow area.

Abstract:Objective：To isolate and culture adipose-derived stem cells（ADSCs） from human adipose tissues，to induce the differentiation of ADSCs to lymphatic endothelial cells（LECs），to explore the changes in the expression of integrin α9 in the differentiation pro－cess so as to find a molecular target and to make contribution to the molecular treatment of lymphedema with ADSCs. Methods：①ADSCs were isolated and cultured from human adipose tissue which derived from the liposuction surgery.Morphological characteristics were observed with inverted phase contrast microscope.②Expression of CD90，CD29，CD34 and CD45 in the cell membrane was as－sayed by using flow cytometry（FCM）. Growth curve was drawn with MTT assay. ③Lymphendothelial differentiation of ADSCs was induced with human vascular endothelial growth factor C（VEGF-C），human vascular endothelial growth factor A（VEGF-A） and platelet-derived growth factor BB（PBGF BB） in vitro.Human LECs were taken as positive control group. ④Expression of lymphatic endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1（LYVE-1），integrin α9 and CD34 was detected by Western blot. ⑤Cell cycles of the three groups were determined with FCM. Then the data were ana－lyzed with SPSS 17.0. Results：①ADSCs was in spindle shape and adherent growth.Growth curves of 1th，3th and 5th passage of ADSCs all presented S shape. The expression of CD90+ was positive，and the expression of CD34+ and CD45+ was negative. ②LYVE-1 expressed positively in experiment group and posi－tive control group；CD34 expressed negatively in experiment group and positive control group；expression of integrin α9 was similar to LYVE-1 and expression of integrin α9 and LYVE-1 were lower in experiment group than in positive control group；integrin α9，LYVE-1 and CD34 expressed negatively in negative control group. ③There were differences in proportion of cells at G0/G1 stage，higher in negative control group than in experiment group and positive control group（P<0.01）. There was no difference in proportion of cells at G0/G1 stage between experiment group and positive control group（P=0.083）. Conclusions：Human ADSCs can differentiate into LECs but not vascular endothelial cells when culture in vitro with VEGF-C，VEGF-A and PDGF-BB. Cell cycle will change and the expression of integrin α9 will elevate during this process. Integrin α9 may make an important role in the formation of LECs and may obtain the opportunity to become a molecular target in the treatment of lymphedema.

Abstract:Objective：To observe the intestinal tissue injury，epithelial cell apoptosis and changes of glucose regulated protein 78 kD （GRP78） expression in the intestine ischemia-reperfusion rats and to investigate the possible effect and mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the ischemic process. Methods：Forty-five SD rats were randomly divided into 9 groups：sham control group and 0，1，3，6，12，24，48，72 h groups after ischemia reperfusion（n=5）. An experimental model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats was established by the occlusion of superior mesenteric artery for 1 h by small atraumatic clip and sham control animals were prepared in the same way without the occlusion of superior mesenteric artery. Intestinal tissue injury severity was tested by HE assay，apoptosis of epithelial cells was measured by TUNEL method and expression of GRP78 in intestinal tissue was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR. Results：HE assay and TUNEL showed that the tissue injury and apoptotic index of intestinal mucosa were gradually elevated with the increasing of reperfusion time and reached a peak at 3 h（P<0.01 compared with those in the other groups）. Expression of GRP78 was increased after the reperfusion，reached a first small peak at 1 h（P<0.05 compared with those in 0 h and 3 h groups），but dropped down with the prolonging of reperfusion time，rose again at 12 h（P<0.004 compared with those in 6 h group），reached the peak again at 24 h（P<0.05 compared with those in the other groups） and fell to the level of control group（P>0.069 compared with those in control group）. Conclusion：Changes of GRP78 expression might be associated with the endogenous protective mechanisms.

Abstract:Objective：To research the gene mutation of 3-ketothiolase（3KT）（T2） in non-diabetic ketoacidosis，to provide references for diagnosis of 3-ketothiolase deficiency（3KTD），to reveal the role of T2 in isoleucine metabolism and to explore potential mecha－nisms of 3KTD by gene mutations. Methods：DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of the patients，his family members and healthy children. The entire coding regions of T2 gene with flanking intronic regions were amplified by PCR and the amplified products were directly sequenced and mutation sites were detected. Results：A127V missense mutation in exon 5 was identified in proband and no mutation was observed in other tests. Some single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs） of T2 gene were detected. Conclusion：A127V in exon 5 of T2 gene may be a potential pathogenesis of 3KTD.

Abstract:Objective：To get the data of genetic polymorphism in the Chinese Han population through screening and detecting drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）. Methods：Eleven SNP in these 2 CYP genes were screened out. Genomic DNA was prepared from 192 blood samples obtained from individuals of Chinese Han origin. Polymor－phism was analyzed by allele-specific pr1imer extension followed by GenomeLabTM SNPstreamR analysis system. Results：All 11 ana－lyzed SNP were polymorphic（MAF>0.01）. Of these 11 SNP，7（RS28624811，RS28670611，RS9623531，RS5758589，RS3735451，RS2246709，RS2404955，RS4646440） had an allele frequency，which was different between Chinese Han population and Caucasians（P<0.01）. Conclusions：These data suggest that different ethnic groups might inherit specific genetic information that could lead to different drug metabolism rates.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the expression and significance of delta-like ligand 4（DLL4） and vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） in endometriosis（EMs）. Methods：Expressions of DLL4 and VEGF in 48 cases of ectopic endometrium（group A），37 cases of eutopic endometrium（group B） and 30 cases of normal endometrium（group C） was detected by the immunohistochemical SP method. Results：（1）In groups A，B，C，expression of DLL4 was （145.01±10.47），（115.56±10.87） and （90.08±8.56） while ex－pression of VEGF was （148.48±8.36），（122.79±5.68） and （108.75±7.39），with significantly differences among 3 groups（F=279.113 and F=296.049，P<0.05）. （2）In group A and B，expressions of DLL4 and VEGF showed a positive correlation（r=0.828 and r=0.773，P<0.05），but in group C，their expression showed no correlation. （3）In group A and B，expression of DLL4 and VEGF at stageⅠandⅡ were significantly lower than that at stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ（P<0.05）. Conclusions：DLL4 and VEGF may play an important role in the pathogenisis of EMs.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the distribution of α-& β-thalassemia in Chongqing. Methods：Totally 8 024 samples from district and counties of Chongqing were detected for α-& β-thalassemia genotype using gap single polymerase chain reaction（GSPCR） com－bined with reverse dot blot hybridization（RDB）. Before the detection，red peripheral blood cell（RBC），hemoglobin（HB），mean cor－puscular volume（MCV），mean corpuscular hemoglobin（MCH），mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration（MCHC），hemoglobin elec－trophoresis index in each set of sample were screened. In the 8 024 samples，1 267 were male and 6 757 were female. The sample aged from 0-91 years old and were divided into chil－dren group（0-16 years old，317 cases），adult group（17-49 years old，7 572 cases） and seniors group（50-91 years old，155 cases）. Results：1 117 cases of α- and β-thalassamia were detected out from the 802 4 cases，accounting for 13.92%. Among the 1 117 cases，479 were α-thalassamia. The most common mutations were as follows：--SEA/αα（332 cases），-α3.7/αα（84 cases） and -α4.2/αα（15 cases），accounting for 89.98%，69.31%，17.54% and 3.13% respectively. Deletion a-thalassaemia was the domain type，5 cases of --SEA/-α3.7 and 1 cases of --SEA/-α4.2. There were 42 cases of non-deletional alpha-thalassaemi，accounting for 8.76%. 619 cases were surly diagnosed as β-thalassamia and 19 cases were α-thalassemia composite β-thalassamia. 12 β-thalassamia genotypes were found，and the common constitutions of mutation were CD17（A→T）（the most common constitution），CD41—42（-TCTT），IVS-2-654（C→T），CD43，TATAboxnt -28（A→T），βE，accounting for 96.12%. There was 1 case CAP and 1 case IVS1-1. Among the 8 024 cases，167 male cases and female 950 cases were diagnosed as α-& β-thalassemia including 77 male cases and 402 female cases of α-tha－lassemia as well as 74 male cases and 545 female cases of β-thalassemia. The positive rate of α-& β-thalassemia was higher in fe－male than in male，but having no statistical significance（ χ2=0.691，P=0.433）. There was no statistical significance in detection rate of α-& β-thalassemia between male and female（ χ2=0.381，P=0.604）. Among all samples，317（33.75%） cases in children group，982（13.00%） cases in adult group and 155（18.06%） cases in senior group were diagnosed as thalassemia（ χ2=1.711，P=0.318），without statistical differences. Conclusions：--SEA/αα genotype and CD17（A→T） gene mutation is the most common type in α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia in Chongqing. However，the significant hazard in adult group concentrates in the breeding age. Thus to screen tha－lassemia genotype of adult in breeding age is of great significance in raising population quality.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate expression of transcription factor activator protein-1（AP-1） in lumbar sympathetic ganglion neurons of patients with Buerger’s disease. Methods：Specimens of lumbar sympathetic ganglion of male patients with Buerger’s disease between January 2011 and March 2012 were collected and divided into two groups：Buerger’s disease group（n=23） and normal control group（n=12）. Immunohistochemistry，reverse transcription quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect and compare expression of AP-1 in lumbar sympathetic neurons of patients with and without Buerger’s disease. Results：AP-1 gene（P=0.045 9） and protein（P=0.028 3） expression in lumbar sympathetic ganglion neurons of patients with thromboangiitis obliterans were higher than those of normal people. Conclusions：AP-1 plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and vascular inflammation response in Buerger’s disease.

Abstract:Objective：To study the biological effects of focused ultrasound（FU） on rabbit’s cornea. Methods：Totally 26 eyes of 13 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into A，B，C groups according to FU power and corneal diameter. Group A was irradiated using power of 1 W and corneal diameter of 9 mm；group B was irradiated using power of 1.5 W and corneal diameter of 9 mm；group C was irradiated using power of 1 W and corneal diameter of 7 mm. Rabbits were examined with slit-lamp microscope，auto refrac－tometer，corneal topography，specular microscopy and non-contact tonometer before the operation and on 3，10 d and at 1，2，3 months after the operation respectively. Results：Twenty-four eyes（92.3%） had corneal epithelium defect in irradiated area immediately after the operation and all 26 eyes（100%） got complete corneal epithelium on 3 d after the operation. Curvature of the central corneal was reduced gradually 1，2，3 months postoperatively（P<0.05）；diopter was increased gradually（P<0.05），presenting a trend to hyperopia，the same as the change of central corneal curvature. Non-contact intraocular pressure was reduced on 3，10 d postoperatively（P<0.05） and was recovered at 1，2，3 months postoperatively. Corneal endothelial cell density was not statistically significant between preoperative and postoperative observation. Conclusions：FU irradiation at the peripheral cornea of rabbits can reduce central corneal curvature and is safe when applied in rabbit’s cornea.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the availability and security of high-intensity focused ultrasound（HIFU） in the treatment of child hepatoblastoma with the aid of artificial hydrothorax. Methods：Fourteen children（18 lesions）with hepatoblastoma received general anesthesia using trachea cannula. 200-300 ml saline was injected into the right thoracic cavity to turn artificial pleural fluid. Mean invasive arterial pressure（IABP），heart rate（HR），peak airway pressure（Ppeak），compliance of lung（Cmpl），end-tidal carbon dioxide partial press（PETCO2） and oxygen saturation（SpO2） were observed and recorded separately at 5 min after intubation（T0），10 min after establishment of artificial hydrothorax（T1），30 min after HIFU treatment（T2），1 h after HIFU treatment（T3），2 h after HIFU treatment（T4） and at the end of HIFU treatment（T5）. Blood gad analysis was made at T0-T5 and 24 h after HIFU treatment（T6）. On the 1st d and the 7th d after HIFU treatment，chest X-ray was made to evaluate the hydrothorax and lungs. Before and after HIFU treatment MRI was made to evaluate the availability. Results：During HIFU treatment，all children were steady in various indicators of haemo－dynamics. Ppeak was increased significantly after the establishment of artificial hydrothorax compared with that of T0（P<0.05）and was maintained at the high level；Cmpl was decreased significantly after the establishment of artificial hydrothorax compared with that of T0（P<0.05）. PETCO2 was increased significantly after T2（P<0.05）；PO2 and PCO2 were both increased significantly after T1（P<0.05）. But pH values were not change significantly（P>0.05） and the fluctuations of the respiratory parameters above were all within the safety margin. X-ray showed that artificial hydrothorax was absorbed within 7 d after HIFU treatment. Severe complications like pneumothorax or haemothorax were not ob－served. Postoperative imaging studies（MRI or enhanced CT） prompted all children with lesions reach a predetermined radio frequen－cy ablation effect. Conclusion：HIFU is effective and safe in the treatment of child hepatoblastoma with the aid of artificial hydrothorax.

Abstract:Objective：To study the treatment effect of docetaxel-loaded lipid microbubbles（DLLM） combined with ultrasound targeted microbubbles destruction（UTMD） on rabbit VX2 cervical lymph node metastatic carcinoma. Methods：Thirty rabbit VX2 cervical lymph node metastatic carcinoma model were successfully established and were randomly divided into 6 groups（A group，B group，C group，D group，E group，F group，n=5）. A group used docetaxel，B group used DLLM，C group used docetaxel + UTMD，D group used lipid microbubbles + UTMD，E group used DLLM +UTMD and F group was control group. Volume and inhibition rate of cervical lymph node metastatic carcinoma in each group before and after the treatment were detected and compared. Expression of CD34 and microvessel density（MVD） and vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） was compared among different groups. Results：After the treatment，inhibition rate was higher in E group than in other groups（P<0.05） and the expression of CD34 and MVD and VEGF was significantly lower in E group than in other groups（P<0.01）. Conclusions：DLLM combined with UTMD can inhibit the growth of the cervical lymph node metastatic carcinoma from the macroscopic view.Furthermore，it can inhibit the growth of the cervical lymph node metastatic carcinoma from the molecular level.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate ultrasound contrast agents imaging in the ocular posterior ciliary artery and the relationship be－tween carotid artery stenosis and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Methods：Totally 36 healthy male rabbits were randomly divided into operation group（20 rabbits，40 eyes），sham operation group（8 rabbits，16 eyes） and blank control group（8 rabbits，16 eyes）. Operation group received partial carotid suture to establish the rabbit models with carotid artery stenosis，sham operation group received temporary occlusion of carotid artery and blank control group didn’t receive any intervention. Carotid arteries were examed by color Doppler ultrasound and hemodynamic changes of oculor ciliary circulation were detected by ultrasound contrast agent. Histopathologi－cal changes of optic nerves on 3，7，14，21，35 d after the surgery were analyzed respectively. Results：Animal models were successfully established and varying degrees of stenosis were showed in operation group. Carotid artery diameters in operation group on 3，7，14，21，35 d were （0.74 ± 0.15），（0.74 ± 0.15），（0.81 ± 0.20），（0.88 ± 0.20），（1.05 ± 0.29） mm ，lower than those in sham opera－tion group and blank control group（P<0.05）. Ultrasound contrast agent in the ciliary artery developed well and single microbubble ve－locity in operation group at each time point were （7.10±2.12），（8.20±2.39），（8.11±2.24），（7.46±2.19），（10.11±3.14） mm/s，lower than those in sham operation group and blank control group（P<0.05）. Optic nerve fibers in operation group were disordered with swelling axonal，pale and vacuolar cytoplasm，and inflammatory cell infiltration. Conclusions：Blood flow velocity of posterior ciliary arteries and histopathology changes in optic nerve in rabbits，suggesting that carotid artery stenosis can cause ischemic optic neuropa－thy.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the optimal tube current for low-dose high resolution computed tomography（HRCT） scan of pig lung specimen in vitro. Methods： Brightspeed Elite 16 multislice spiral CT from GE company was used to scan five fresh isolated in－flatable lungs of pig by methods of conventional scanning and different low-dose scanning（the tube current of conventional scanning was 200 mAs while the tube currents of low- dose scanning were 80，60，40，20，10 mAs；other scanning parameters were fixed）. Then the quality of the scanning images was evaluated. The quality of images was guaranteed under the premise of meeting the diagnostic requirements and obtaining low-dose volume HRCT technology solution. Effective dose（ED） per scanning was also calculated and analyzed statistically. Results： When the tube currents were 80，60，40 mAs，the radiation doses were lower gradually，with statis－tically significant differences（F=173.90，P<0.001） and the quality of scanning images can meet conventional diagnostic requirements. When the tube current was 20 mAs，the dose of radiation was lower and the quality of the image can basically meet the diagnostic requirements. When the tube current was 10 mAs，the dose of radiation was the lowest，but the quality of image can not meet the diag－nostic requirements. Conclusions：When we chose the tube current of 40 mAs，it can ensure high quality of CT images and reduce the radiation dose at the same time. So it is of significance for clinical doctors to formulate low-dose lung scanning solutions.

Abstract:Objective：To analyze the relationship between position of Rathke’s cleft cyst and pituitary gland by MRI and to explore its differential diagnostic value. Methods：Totally 48 cases of Rathke’s cleft cyst proved by the operation and pathology were served as cyst group，while 18 cases of pituitary adenoma which were misdiagnosed as Rathke’s cleft cyst were served as control group. The relationship between position of Rathke’s cleft cyst and pituitary gland in the coronal and sagittal plane was analyzed with MRI and was detected for statistical analysis. Results：（1）In the coronal plane，lesions locating in the middle of pituitary occurred more often in cyst group than in control group with statistical differences（corrected ?字2=37.898，P=0.000）. （2）In the sagittal plane，there were three kinds of position relationship between the cyst and the anterior and posterior lobe of the pituitary gland in cyst group. The kind that the cysts were located between the anterior and posterior lobe of the pituitary gland was the most common（38 cases，79.2%）. While in control group，14 cases of pituitary adenoma were located in the anterior lobe，except for 4 cases whose position relationship with the anterior and posterior lobe of the pituitary gland was indistinguishable. （3）In the sagittal plane，all lesions and pituitary stalk appeared at the same level in cyst group. The upper edge of the cysts was usually located behind the connection of pituitary stalk and pituitary（32 cases，66.7%）. While in control group，the pituitary adenoma and pituitary stalk appeared at the same or different levels and 12 cases（66.7%） appeared at the same level of pituitary stalk. It is rare that the upper edge of the pituitary adenoma was located behind the connection of pituitary stalk and pituitary（1 case，8.3%）. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in the occurrence rate of the lesions whose upper edge was located behind the connection of pituitary stalk and pituitary（corrected ?字2 test，?字2=10.947，P=0.001）. Conclusions：Relationship between position of Rathke’s cleft cyst and pituitary gland has some rules to follow and there is a big difference between with Rathke’s cleft cyst and pituitary adenoma. It has higher value in diagnosing Rathke’s cleft cyst when the cyst is located in the middle of pituitary in the coronal plane and seated between the anterior and posterior lobe of the pituitary gland with its upper edge situated behind the connection of pituitary stalk and pituitary in the sagittal plane.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate computed tomography（CT） or magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） findings of annular pancreas in the adults in order to improve the recognition. Methods：Six adult patients with annular pancreas were retrospectively analyzed. Three cases received plain and contrast-enhanced CT scanning while the other three cases received plain and contrast-enhanced MRI scanning. Among them，one case undertaken magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography examination. The CT and MR images were reviewed by two radiologists blindly and consensus agreement was reached. Results：Both CT and MRI findings can detect annular pancreas by visualizing not only the direct sign but also the indirect sign. The imaging findings of all cases were extension of pancre－atic head which encircled the second portion of the duodenum. The indirect signs included dilation of the intrahepatic bile duct（two cases），the common bile duct（three cases） and the Wirsung duct（four cases），pancreatitis（one case） and cholecystitis（one case）.Conclusions：CT plain and enhanced scan can be a pivotal method in the diagnosis for annular pancreas in adults by demonstrating the morphologic features clearly.

Abstract:Objective：To assess the diagnostic value of direct dual-source computed tomography venography（DSCTV） in lower-limb venous ulcers. Methods：Clinical data of patients with suspected lower-limb venous ulcers were collected. With DSCTV，the recon－structed image quality and sites of varicose veins were evaluated；sources of varicose were analyzed，and detection of incompetent veins by DSCTV and duplex ultrasound（DUS） were compared；relations between ulceration and local varicosity were assessed and compared with clinical evaluation. Results：The overall image quality of all 47 affected legs was good. Using DSCTV，99 varicose veins were detected，5 limbs were diagnosed as deep vein thrombosis ，and the rest 42 limbs were considered as chronic venous insufficiency，having no difference compared with DUS in detecting incompetent deep veins and great saphenous veins（P values were 0.70 and 0.51；Kappa values were 0.69 and 0.53）. However，the detection rate of incompetent perforator veins was statistically higher in DSCTV than in DUS（P<0.005）. There was no statistically significant difference between DSCTV and clinical evaluation regarding to relation between ulceration and local varicosity（P=0.41）. Conclusions：DSCTV can provide information about sites and sources of varicose veins，together with referential structures（skin，muscles or bones），thus could guide diagnosis and treatment in patients with lower-limb venous ulcers.